Balanced scorecard evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Adjusted scorecard assessment - Essay Example It ought to have the option to in a decent situation to anticipate the future execution of the association, as well as control and deal with the organization’s vital arrangement. A fair scorecard is one of best administration styles that catch this data in subtleties. This paper gives an examination of the reasons for non-money related execution measures. It additionally investigations the current execution measure embraced in Atlantic Tele-Network, Inc (ATN), the reach out to which their exhibition measure catches the Kaplan and Norton’s adjusted scorecard and its current quality and shortcomings. Purposes for non-money related execution measure Kaplan and Norton (1996) express that by examining the non-monetary points of view of an association, chiefs are in a situation to interpret the system of an association into significant destinations. It likewise empowers them to get a knowledge of how the key arrangement of the association is being executed. As per Kaplan and Norton (1992), a reasonable scorecard (BSC) maps the key targets of an association into execution measurements. This is done in four viewpoints to be specific learning and development, clients, budgetary and inner procedures. The four viewpoints of a fair scorecard give significant criticism that clarifies how well the company’s vital arrangement is being executed. From this criticism, supervisors can distinguish important modifications that can be made to guarantee that the organization accomplishes its sketched out objectives and destinations. BSC is a money related and non-budgetary execution estimation apparatus. This implies separated from estimating the current execution of an organization as far as funds, a BSC as assesses the endeavors of a firm to make future upgrades utilizing client, procedure and learning and development measurements (Niven 2006). As noted in the above conversation, the three significant points of view that make up the non-budgetary execution meas ures/BSC of an organization are learning and development, clients and inward procedures. As indicated by Kaplan and Norton (2004), an examination of the goals of an organization’s interior procedures helps the administration of an association to comprehend and pick sort of procedure that are significant for fulfilling its investors and above all, its clients. Essentially, this presentation measure plots the principle forms which an association must center its endeavors for it to exceed expectations. An investigation of the learning and development point of view of a BSC empowers an association to see how it must learn, improve and advance for it to accomplish its goals. A noteworthy part of this point of view is representative focused. A portion of the learning and development estimates will incorporate assembling learning, time to market and item center Douglas (2007). The client viewpoint of a BSC empowers an association to see how it is being seen by its clients. It likewi se empowers it to realize how well it is getting along as far as serving its objective clients with an end goal to meet its budgetary destinations. The fundamental destinations here will be those that emphasis on new items, how to turn into a favored provider, turning into a responsive provider and client organizations. For the most part, a BSC empowers an organization to make an interpretation of its vision into viable objectives and alter its system as needs be to the criticism and the learning got. The

Analysis of Compound 109 using 13C NMR Spectra

Investigation of Compound 109 utilizing 13C NMR Spectra The 13C NMR range of compound 109-114 is spoken to in Plate 40-45. Auxiliary clarification of 109 by 13C NMR range has been depicted and it was affirmed from the two dimensional NMR reports of 109. Assignments for different mixes 109-114 made by contrasting and compound 109. Table 33 records the compound move estimations of 109. An assortment of signs reverberated in the aliphatic district at 20.85, 26.60 and 27.98 ppm of the three signals in the aliphatic locale, signals at 20.85, 26.60 and 27.98 ppm are alloted to C-7, C-6 and C-8, individually. The C-5 sign is converged with dissolvable sign. What's more, the benzylic carbon signals C-2 and C-4 were reverberated at 64.53 and 62.52 ppm separately, while the bridgehead carbon C-1 was showed up at 45.69 ppm. Besides, an assortment of signs showed up in the area 102.69-131.40 ppm, which are unambiguously appointed to aryl carbon. A section from the relegated signals, two signs resounded in the downfield at 142.56 and 142.72 ppm is dol ed out to ipso carbons. Another four unassigned signs reverberated in the down field locale at 159.55 to 166.27 ppm and these signs have a place with C=0, C=N, C-OH carbons separately. 1H-13C Cozy spectra Plate 46 and 47 speaks to the 1H-13C Cozy range of 105 and the relationships appeared in Table 34. HMBC (Plate 40) and HSQC (Plate 41) connections have been utilized to relegate the benzylic carbons, ipso carbons of aryl gathering, and methylene carbons (C-6, C-7, and C-8). The benzylic protons saw at 4.30 (H-2a) and 4.25 ppm (H-4a) demonstrated cross top with 64.33 (C-2) and 62.52 ppm (C-4), which might be because of the C-2 and C-4 carbons of the piperidone heterocyclic of the ABN framework. The bridgehead methine proton signals at 2.50 (H-1e) and 2.98 (H-5e) ppm was associated with the carbon signals at 45.69 ppm (C-1) and 39.57 ppm (C-5). This demonstrates the signs showed up at 45.69 and 39.57 ppm is unambigously doled out to C-1 and C-5 carbons. Cross top with the protons resounded at 2.77 (H-7a) and 1.27 (H-7e) ppm was connected with the carbon signal at 20.85 ppm and this affirms the sign at 20.85 ppm was exclusively explicit to C-7 carbon. H-6a and H-6e protons showed up at 1.45 and 1.60 ppm demonstrated cross top with 26.60 ppm (C-6 carbon), which affirms that the sign at 26.60 ppm was because of C-6 carbon and the carbon signal at 20.85 ppm was ascribed to the relating C-7 carbon. Additionally, the H-8e (1.63 ppm) and H-8a (1.55 pm) protons was connected with the carbon signal at 27.98 ppm (C-8), which suppors that the sign at 27.98 ppm was credited to the cyclohexane ring carbon C-8. Examination of spectra of 109-114 1H and 13C NMR phantom investigation of different mixes, for example, N-(2,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)- 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydro-xybenzohydrazide101, N-(2,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)- 3-azabi-cyclo-[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxybenzohydrazide 102, N-(2,4-bi-s(4-bromophenyl)- 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxy-benzohydrazide 103, N-(2,4-plunge tolyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1] nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxybenzohydrazide 104, N-(2,4-bis(2-chloro-phenyl)- 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxy-benzohy-drazide 105 was examined along these lines of 109. The substance move and parting designs watched utilizing 1H and 13C NMR assignments for different mixes is introduced in Tables 35 and 36 and their comparing spectra are given in Plates 33-37 41-45, separately. Tables 37-42 show the short portrayal of logical and ghostly information of mixes 109-114. Taken together, all the above perceptions prove the proposed structure and twin-seat (CC) complianc e of 2r,4c-diaryl-3-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonan-9-one-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadazole-5-carbonyl hydrazones 102-108. Natural examination Free radical searching movement Power of the free radical searching potential emphatically relies on its compound structure. A few investigations have exhibited that the free radical rummaging impacts is observably affected by the number and position of hydroxyl bunches on the D ring and by the degree of conjugation between the D ring amide carbonyl gathering [1-4]. The dihydroxy structure in the D ring presents high soundness to the hydrazones phenoxyl radical by means of hydrogen holding or by electron delocalization. The amide carbonyl gathering twofold bond (Conjugation with the amide oxo gathering) decides the coplanarity of the phenyl ring and takes an interest in radical adjustment by means of electron delocalization over all ring framework [4]. Beginning investigations on examination of free radical rummaging capability of diaryl 3-azabicyclononanones uncovered a focus subordinate feeble enemy of radical action coming about because of decrease of DPPH†¢, ABTS†¢+, O†¢Ã¢Ë†', OH†¢, and nitr ic oxide radicals to their non-radical structures. So as to bring the dihydroxy structure in the D ring and the amide carbonyl gathering twofold bond (Conjugation with the amide oxo gathering) into diaryl 3-azabicyclononanones to improve the free extreme potential (figure 14), We in this way incorporated N-(2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxybenzohydrazide (109-114) by the response of 95,96,98-101 with 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic corrosive hydrazide (94) within the sight of acidic corrosive. All the tried mixes demonstrated a focus subordinate enemy of radical movement against different free radicals. IC50 values for the free radical rummaging impacts of ascorbic corrosive and different manufactured mixes (109-114) are appeared in Table 43.This might be because of the hydrogen molecule gift instrument and the electron gift component. In the hydrogen particle move system, hydroxyl bunches give hydrogen to a radical balancing out it and offering ascend to a generally steady hydrazones phenoxyl radical. Figure 15 outlines the plausible component of hydrogen particle giving capacity of mixes 109-114. The electron gift system includes through the solid hydrogen obligation of - OH moiety with the oxygen molecule of amide carbonyl gathering that may forestall effective deprotonation and upgrade their radical searching activity by methods for hydrogen particle gift. Figure 16 delineates the likely component of free radical searching impacts of mixes 109-114 through electron giving system. Structure An is the parent nonpartisan atom of mixes 109-114. Structure B is the underlying radical particles and structure C is its progressively steady tautomeric structure. The tautomeric structure C of the extreme particles results from the underlying radical particles B and proton move from C-2ãšâ º - OH to carbonyl gatherings. We discovered required basic highlights to rummage free radical in our tried mixes (109-144). Be that as it may, we have seen a differing scope of impacts against different free radicals. This might be expected the diverse replacement at the C-2 and C-6 places of the azabicyclononan-9-one moiety. Compound 8 without any substituents at the para position of the phenyl bunches at the C-2 and C-6 places of the azabicyclononan-9-one moiety and phenyl rings with electron-benefactor methyl bunches at the para position of mixes 113 demonstrated astounding free radical rummaging impacts contrasted with standard cell reinforcement ascorbic corrosive, a referred to cancer prevention agent utilized as a positive control. This might be because of fuse of methyl bunches at para position phenyl ring. A few examinations have shown that natural atoms joining a methyl gatherings can go about as free extreme catching specialists and are fit for contradicting oxidative difficulties [5,6]. Mixes having e lectron-pulling back chloro (110/114), bromo (111), and fluoro (112), replacements at the para position of the piperidine moiety demonstrated honorable in vitro free radical searching impacts against different free radicals. This outstanding or less free radical rummaging impacts of mixes with bromo, choloro and fluoro replacements might be because of the electron-pulling back inductive impact of incandescent lamp. The outcomes acquired in the current examination are in accordance with different discoveries [7,8]. Taken together, the ebb and flow research recommends that azabicyclononane ring guaranteeing hydroxyl bunches on the D ring and by the degree of conjugation between the D ring amide carbonyl gathering with solid free searching impacts (111) may possibly add to its defensive impacts against free radical-actuated oxidative pressure and carcinogenesis. Antibacterial and antifungal movement Integrated mixes 109-114 were analyzed for their antibacterial and antifungal potencies. In vitro investigations by twofold sequential weakening technique was received. Streptomycin/streptomycin/fluconazole were utilized as a positive control. Table 44 shows the MICs of test mixes 109-114. Investigation of in vitro antimicrobial impacts of all the N-(2r,4c-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ylidene)- 2,4-dihydroxybenzohydrazide 109-114 uncovered a different scope of (1.56-200  µg/mL) against the different microscopic organisms and parasite. The mixes denied of any substituents at the aryl rings in 109 frustrate the development everything being equal and parasite at a MIC estimation of 100-200 ÃŽ ¼g/mL. Be that as it may, mixes 110, 111 and 112 having para radiance (electron pulling back substitutents chloro, fluoro and bromo) subbed aryl bunches in azabicyclononane moiety represents the upgraded inhibitory impacts against B. subtilis, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. flavu s, A. Niger, C. albicans, and Candida6 at MIC estimations of 1.56-25  µg/mL when contrasted with the standard anti-infection streptomycin/fluconazole. A few investigations have additionally reported that electron-pulling back gatherings (fluoro, bromo and chloro) subbed azabicyclononan-9-one subsidiaries showed remarkable antibacterial and antifungal exercises [9,10]. Compound 114 with ortho chloro substituent in the phenyl moiety shows great antibacterial action against all pathogens. Different mixes showed decreased inhibitory impacts against different bacterial strains contrasted with the standard streptomycin/fluconazole. The aftereffects of the

Challenges During The Process Of Hiring A New President - samples

Question: Examine about the Challenges During The Process Of Hiring A New President. Answer: Job of a powerful pioneer Being a pioneer implies doing the obligations and duties of an organization. A pioneer holds the organization with their qualities. As a pioneer, he should hold abilities of inspiration, energy, appointing, energy, criticism, correspondence and inventiveness. Selecting another President for an organization for the most part relies upon the circumstance of the organization. Employing another President is the most noteworthy activity a board does. Along these lines, picking the correct one is essential, as it will make the organization fruitful. In any case, there are standards for picking a competitor reasonable or who is fit to be a President of the organization (Daft, 2014). The governing body must consider into the capability of the competitor. The board needs to confront a couple of difficulties during the way toward recruiting another President. The board requests the President to build investor estimation of the organization. Administration aptitudes and models for choice of a Leader The standards for employing another President bets on the conditions and states of the organization. Initially, the board needs to hold a gathering and talk about the potential outcomes plainly, regarding how and what they need the new President to accomplish and unmistakably go to some understanding. Driving huge modification is an extreme test and it for the most part requires a legitimate and experienced pioneer who will have a new point of view toward the organization (Renko et al., 2015). The fundamental models is to take a gander at the size of the association the applicant has run previously. For example, if a board is enlisting for a $800 million organization, one would not consider a President who ran a $500 million organization. Also, sheets will never enroll an individual who has run a $50 million organization to run a $20 billion organization (Burns, 2016). In the event that the organization is under multiple times the size of the Presidents experience then that individua l won't be overpowered by the adjustment. This idea is exceptionally prohibitive. There are two estimated related contemplations. The first is whether the President competitor is sufficiently experienced to run private or open organizations. There is a significant distinction between the two and the President must have an encounter of running open organizations with the leading body of an open organization. The subsequent thought is identified with the quantity of areas or the universal size of the business (Eichinger Lombardo, 2015). In the event that the President has no involvement with universal business, at that point it is a tremendous problem if the individual is moving to an organization that actuates around the world. After these two contemplations, when the up-and-comer has accomplished the size related standards, the following issue is the people involvement with the business (Fairhurst, G, Connaughton, 2014). Significance of a pioneer The obligation of a President is to have the vision of the organization that is troublesome do if the individual doesn't have a decent cognizance of the companys business. For the most part, there are two existing key zones to find the potential competitors that spread the underlying vital difficulties, which another President will confront. The chance to get the title of a President is incredibly engaging a lot of capable officials and it often draws in individuals who will never consider working for another organization in some other job (Block, 2016). The test in this circumstance is that not very many different jobs in an organization sufficiently set someone up for the job of a President. The board chooses that person who had the assignment of a senior supervisor in a bigger organization by feeling that the job can be contrasted with the job of a President. So also, a portion of the employments are like that of a General Manager. It is abnormal to discover huge organization deal s official that can do a superior progress to the job of a Presidents at a littler organization (Senge, Hamilton Kania, 2015). Finding a fruitful President at a littler organization to run a greater organization is very troublesome. The progress will be a lot simpler as the way toward expectation to absorb information will be shorter. A President is the pioneer who must offer significance to going to errands and work connections. A pioneer ought to be able to contact all their representatives and discuss a dream with them. Employing or selecting another President for an organization is treated as perhaps the greatest test a board faces. The board needs to understand and concur on what the Presidents job is and what is the circumstance of the organization and what the organization is attempting to build up. From that point, it will be simpler to choose the right rules for picking a competitor who will be fruitful. In greater part of the organizations, governing body fill in as a well spring of guidance and insight and offers a type of disciplinary incentive to act in the circumstance of emergency. Most Presidents and outside board individuals concur that the job of executives is profoundly warning and doesn't have a nature of settling on choice. The administration exists to deal with the organization and the governing body centers around the recruiting of another President (Antonakis Day, 2017). The board fills in as wellsprings of exhortation and insight to the administration. Notwithstanding, most extreme quantities of Presidents misuse the wellsprings of guidance that are spoken to on the board particularly during the gatherings. Administration attributes for this position For the choice standards, a perfect possibility for the post of the President, must have the accompanying capabilities. Initially, having a University degree from a presumed and perceived foundation is must. In the event that the individual has an assignment of expert bookkeeping, it would be considered as an advantage. Furthermore, the individual ought to have an encounter of demonstrated value-based initiative experience that bargains in the assessment and in driving exchanges in a lot of business settings. The individual ought to have initiative involvement with huge associations that manage business of worldwide level and the board of money related assets and human. With regards to understanding, he should likewise have the experience of a business person with a medium measured or private company, which would be treated as an advantage (Johnston Marshall, 2016). Thirdly, a possibility for the job of a President must have the information and comprehension of the business exercises alongside the open strategies. An individual must have the information and comprehension of the corporate loaning rehearses, exchange structures and speculations that are locked in with the administration and advancement of the money related instruments. Alongside this, an individual must be instructed enough to know about sound corporate administration and standards of the necessities of the administration (Priest Gass, 2017). Capacity to deal with strife and beat obstructions An applicant applying for the post of a President in an organization ought to have the capacity of a strong key sense, appropriate reasoning, advancement and change of abilities at the hour of the improvement of business procedures, arrangement making exercises and corporate arranging. The individual in question must have the capacity to assembled successful working associations with the Board of Directors, the Deputy Minister and the Ministers alongside their office. To turn into a President of an organization, the individual in question must have the option to go about as the representative by flaunting its relational abilities in both oral and composed structure for speaking to the partners, governments, media, different associations and open establishments. Finally, the individual in question must have high moral principles, ability of being reasonable and honesty. Having moral qualities will make the pioneer a superior individual and will expand the altruism of the organization. The individual in question must have what it takes in settling any kind of debate in the organizations. In any case, an individual can't be chosen as a President if that specific individual is neither a resident of Europe nor a changeless occupant of that nation. He more likely than not been a business in the open help of an area. Concerning this, it is important to specify here that a President of an organization ought to be that person who has the capacity to convey well, compose the undertakings, and persuade others. The top managerial staff will get persuaded to choose such a person as the President of the organization in the event that the person in question has the previously mentioned characteristics. The system of selecting another President of an organization requires the vote by the Board. References: Antonakis, J., Day, D. V. (Eds.). (2017).The nature of initiative. Sage distributions. Square, P. (2016).The engaged chief: Positive political aptitudes at work. John Wiley Sons. Consumes, P. (2016).Entrepreneurship and private venture. Palgrave Macmillan Limited. Ignorant, R. L. (2014).The administration experience. Cengage Learning. Eichinger, R., Lombardo, M. (2015).Twenty-two different ways to create initiative in staff supervisors. Place for Creative administration. Fairhurst, G. T., Connaughton, S. L. (2014). Initiative: An informative perspective.Leadership,10(1), 7-35. Johnston, M. W., Marshall, G. W. (2016).Sales power the executives: Leadership, development, innovation. Routledge. Minister, S., Gass, M. (2017).Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming, 3E. Human Kinetics. Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L., Brnnback, M. (2015). Comprehension and estimating enterprising authority style.Journal of Small Business Management,53(1), 54-74. Senge, P., Hamilton, H., Kania, J. (2015). The beginning of framework leadership.Stanford Social Innovation Review,13(1), 27-33.

Executive Summary of Starbucks

Outline OF â€Å"Howard Schultz : Building Starbucks Community† This content talks about Howard Schultz and how he assembled a Starbucks Community. * Early Years This man was the most seasoned of three youngsters in an unobtrusive group of Brooklyn. In fact, his dad joined 3 distinct occupations to help his family. His mom was a homemaker who transmits her qualities to her kids. She was a solid willed individual who needs a decent future for her youngsters with the regard of these qualities. Her dearest wish was that all set off for college. Howard, who trusts in the American dream, felt that he needed to design his own future since he didn’t need to remain in Brooklyn.Indeed, he met a wide range of individuals who originated from various foundations. He said that â€Å"Diversity isn’t something I needed to learn. I lived it†. It’s a point which impacted his future conduct. During his high school, Howard and his dad conflicted frequently. He will ac knowledge later that occasionally you learn exercises, yet you don’t acknowledge them at the time. However, at the time he believed that his dad could have achieved quite a lot more if just he had attempted. This normal administration capacity hung out in the schoolyard. The Sport’s space was the example.Indeed, it permits him to have a grant until University in Northern Michigan. In the wake of graduating, Schultz made a business student in New-York in Xerox. In spite of a decent pay, he didn’t like this activity for a few reasons: This Company was excessively bureaucratic, severe and unbending and he didn’t have a voice. At last, he didn’t discover a connection between this organization and his qualities. * Creating Starbucks Howard had as of now works in the field of espresso. So one day, he was experienced Starbucks Coffee and was extremely touchy to the item and the business.He said that he believed he had found an entirely different landmass. From that point onward, he joined Starbucks as an executive of tasks and showcasing. He saw the colossal development capability of this Company particularly in the gourmet and food markets. He understood that during an outing to Italy. Without a doubt, he saw the one of a kind network experience that Milanese coffee bars played in their customers’ day by day lives. He will be founded on this model to dispatch his own business: Il Giornale. This business was a chain of coffee bistros from Starbucks in downtown Seattle. It had three areas yet had not yet turned a profit.So for answer to this issue, Schultz wanted to merge the new organization with the name of Starbucks Corporation. Without a doubt, this name was so known by clients. In any case, the improvement of this business wasn’t so straightforward. The first where Schultz has confronted was the accompanying: One of these unique financial specialists proposed to buy Starbucks rather, on terms that would have drasti cally weakened his stake and that of his different speculators. Moreover, financial specialists put focus on Schultz’s head. They said â€Å"If you don’t take this arrangement, you’ll never work in this town again. You’ll never raise another dollar.You’ll be hound meat†. As a pioneer, Howard Schultz didn’t repudiated. He arranged an elective arrangement dropped the weakening and he oversaw. * Growing Starbucks The father’s passing of Howard Schultz has totally changed his perspective. He understood that his father’s life wasn’t equivalent to hers. In those days there was no medical coverage and no workmen’s pay. Along these lines, he chose to make Starbucks the main American organization to give access to wellbeing inclusion to qualified workers. Surely, this occasion is straightforwardly connected to the way of life and the estimations of Starbucks.He needed to fabricate the ruler of organization that his dad never got an opportunity to work for, where you would be esteemed and regarded regardless of where you originated from, the shade of your skin, or your switch of training. He needed to construct an organization that connected investor incentive to the social qualities that he made with different representatives of the organization. The first strategy of Starbucks gave 125 new stores in multi year. In the main year, the organization had effectively open 15 stores in Northwest urban communities with a solid espresso culture. The development was running.And for proceed at this pace, Schultz selected Howard Behar, an official 10 years his senior who had 25 years of retail experience. His task was to enhance in light of client asks for and build up the client experience. In an other hand, Starbucks concentrated into qualities and culture of the stores, thinking that fulfilled and upbeat baristas made for fulfilled clients. For proceeding thusly, Schultz knew that development is inebr iating and tempting yet in addition that it conceals a huge measure of mistakes.To tackle this issue, he imparted capacity to other people. Without a doubt, Schultz and Behar needed to remain in the method of their qualities so they chose to classify the qualities in the organization crucial qualities articulation. It’s significant for the two chiefs to sharing the way of life of the organization in each Starbucks stores. This is the thing that recognizes this organization from others and permits it to proceeding with development. For arrive at this objective, there were two key: The first was to enlist individuals with similarly invested qualities and the second was to fortify the qualities and culture of the company.The development of Starbucks making this own language into a typical utilization (like â€Å"latte†, â€Å"half-caf†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). Schultz was likewise pleased with settling on troublesome decisions to leave behind certain development openings and to re main centered. The new path received by Starbucks was to investigate promoting painstakingly chosen. For instance, they were testing to consolidated music and espresso stores and other diversion adventures. It was a triumph. * Staying Grounded As a business person, Schultz ought to be faultless. For being that, he ought to get familiar with a few things like to oversee helplessness and doubt.But for get him; there weren’t many individuals. So he chose to converse with Warren Bennis, a broadly regarded authority and with a rabbi, during an outing in Israel, where he had found out about the intensity of lowliness. These exercises helped Howard to comprehend that achievement is best when it’s shared and be better in his business. * Whither Starbucks†¦ and Schultz? The desire for Howard Schultz is that Starbucks can be a model for building an organization the correct way. Particularly he needs that the size of the organization can’t eradicate the integrity.Itâ €™s a representation of the perspective of Schultz. He made the most of each open door for conveying his message like in authority gatherings for his senior supervisors in which he center around individuals and the human association, not on numbers. He likewise centered around the buyer particularly on client experience. The brand needs to have a major spot in customer’s life since it imagines that it needs to be the â€Å"third place in customers’ lives between the home and the workplace. For that, Starbuck offers a worldwide range from espresso to CD’s with the music that you can discover in Starbucks stores.To join these two aspirations, Starbucks reacts to client request which is: Hungry for humankind and credibility. * The Schultz E-mail After the large accomplishment of Starbucks, Howard Schultz was stressed over one significant thing for him: With the development, Starbucks could lose the individual sentiment of the local café which Howard Schultz n eeded to make. Undoubtedly, at his appearance, his objective was to create Starbucks as a model organization including money related execution and mostly the regard of the human relationship. Be that as it may, this desire wasn’t easy to apply in the reality.Indeed, Starbucks had become the quickest developing chain throughout the entire existence of retailing: The brand started with three stores in Seattle for reach, twenty years back, 40,000 outlets around the world. This amazing extension permits Starbucks to take part in rivalry with the enormous organization like McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts. Regardless of this achievement in monetarily field, an inquiry for Schultz was fundamental: Had Starbucks lost its spirit during the time spent turning into a worldwide brand? For having an answer, Schultz chose to send an E-mail to Jim Donald, Starbucks new CEO, with duplicates to individuals from the official team.In his mail, Schultz clarified his perspective about the circumstanc e of Starbucks as of now. He said that the development had not a decent impact in the client experience. He portrayed Starbucks with the sterility and the consistency of store stylistic layout. The turnover is the main goal than the little espresso legacy of the brand and traded off the â€Å"passion for coffee†. He send this mail and held up the reaction of the senior group. Schultz ’memo was distributed on â€Å"Starbucks Gossip†, a site about Starbucks, the encounters and assessments of the clients and workers. Along these lines, we could discover a few gossipy tidbits in this about the company.But when the reminder was open, the corporate correspondence had attempted to deal with the emergency and the arrangement was to post an affirmation that the notice was true. For keeping a decent picture, Starbucks chose to situate this update as another method of the organization. In fact, it clarified that Starbucks â€Å"reinventing itself, saying it mirrored the c ompany’s theory that progressing achievement was not consequently a given†. It made a buzz on Internet and in Press. The Wall Street Journal devoted an article about Schultz’s reminder with 1,500 words and a few websites like â€Å"BusinessWeek. om†, â€Å"Bloomberg. com†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Joe Nocera’s Challenge The buzz proceeded with about fourteen days after the fact when the business writer for New York Times, Joe Nocera, composed an article about Howard Schultz in his segment â€Å"Talking Business†. He concentrated on the two characters of Schultz. So the name of article was â€Å"Two Howard Schultz†. To start with, he portrayed Schultz as a

Ethical Dilemmas of an Attorney free essay sample

Situations of an Attorney Gina Boldt ADJ 235 March 22, 2013 John Ellison Ethical Dilemmas of an Attorney The three significant moral issues looked by a barrier lawyer are customer prevarication, conveyance of physical proof and the revelation of earlier feelings (Boldt, 2013). They will undoubtedly furnish thieir customer with boldness and commitment (Pollock, 2012, 2010). This quandary, now and again, attempts the lawyers individual ethics and morals, however, indeed, the security of the litigant overrules all. They should likewise abstain from taking any case that presents an irreconcilable situation with said customer. In spite of the fact that there are times that request haggling is to the greatest advantage of the litigant, this procedure can be abused as a conveinence, this would be a case of moral clash. So as to give such a savage and dedicated protection, the lawyer must not connect with is such practices as pergury and defilement to help a positive result for their customer. We will compose a custom paper test on Moral Dilemmas of an Attorney or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A large number of these commitments are very comparable and identify with both an arraigning and protection lawyer, for example, classification, lawyer customer privelage, the treatment of proof and the duty of keeping up the security of others. The moral commitments of an arraigning lawyer is to look for truth and equity, However, this solitary duty safeguards a few moral weights. The obligations of this position are to prosecute however many crooks as could be allowed and keep up equity inside our framework. With this duty comes numerous chances to step into the unscrupulous domain of training so as to make sure about indictment. The commitment of this calling, by and by, can test a people quality and inward ethics. The key is to maintian genuineness and intergrity and to put aside all close to home convictions, however this may not be the simplest, it is the best way to guarantee equity.

The Moment I Chose Illinois

The Moment I Chose Illinois Tis the season for committing to the university of your dreams! In the next few weeks, those of you who have applied early to Illinois will hear back from the admissions committee about the status of your application. This is a cumulative moment of all the hard work you have put in during your four years of high school, and let me tell you, I experienced so many emotions during this time. I considered a few factors when choosing which school I’d attend, so read ahead and gain some insight on how to choose your next four years. Opportunities This is a broad term, but by opportunities, I mean the accessibility to different majors, minors, and fields of study, various organizations, and experiences outside the typical course rigor. Illinois offers all of this. From accountancy to urban studies and planning, UIUC offers so many majors to choose from. Check out the Illinois admissions website to research more on this. Additionally, Illinois has over 1,500 registered student organizations (RSOs) on campus, so it is not surprising to see most students involved in after-school organizations, events, and meetings. Courtesy of Daily Illini Location Illinois is in a unique location because it offers a small town/campus-town feeling, while also being accessible to the Chicago metropolitan area. I love the campus vibes, and my favorite thing is when the seasons change. The campus itself is so beautiful, it’s a sight to see! Courtesy of Daily Illini Academic Strength Illinois is known as the flagship institution in the state of Illinois, and this is mainly because of the strong academic rigor the university instills in each and every student. In my experience, I’ve had countless professors who have made a positive impact in my life and made me want to learn more about my profession and field of study. Strong faculty is important when considering a school because, ultimately, you are here to study and gain enriching knowledge, and having exceptional faculty guarantees that experience! These are the three main factors I considered when I chose Illinois. While these are just a few, weigh the pros and cons of each school that is being considered and find the best fit for you. Choosing Illinois four years ago was one of the best decisions I ever made, and I hope you all find UIUC, or whichever school you decide to attend, an inspiring experience like I did. Kripa Class of 2020 I'm majoring in Psychology, minoring in Spanish, and pursuing a pre-dental track. It seems like I’m all over the place, but that’s what I like about college! I get to choose to study what I’m interested in, and I’m happy to be doing just that at Illinois.

Top Strategies for New SAT Math

Do Lots of SAT Word Problems I’m going to start with the Math strategy, since I feel it is perhaps the most overlooked among all the uproar about higher-level math and the no-calculator section. Become good at long word problems. That’s because much of the test is going to be made up of long word problems, the kind where the math isn’t super complex but is buried in 12-lines of text, and you have to figure out what the problem is asking. While this might not seem bad if you do two or three of these questions in a row, but after six such problems your brain is going to become tired, much as it does on a long reading passage. So practice doing long sets of word problems. By doing so you’ll avoid what will likely be countless careless errors, all because you were burnt out from sifting through all that text. Take Actual Practice Tests from College Board It’s easy to get caught up in the idea that the SAT is testing higher-level math. After all, this is the kind of math that some of us have never even learned before. Now, I’m not saying to avoid prepping this kind of math (you should definitely learn the unit circle and the basics of imaginary numbers). What I see some students doing is overly fixating on this area by going through dense trig textbooks or pre-calculus books. The test, however, focuses on a small sliver of information from these concepts, usually at the basic end of the spectrum. Additionally, it asks questions in a very specific manner. Therefore, it’s best that you do actual practice questions and practice tests to get an idea of exactly how the test will deal with a certain concept. Of course, the concept reviews in most prep books are really helpful. Just make sure to not always review, but to actually do practice questions. Learn To Do Math Without a Calculator While this might sound like a no brainer, the temptation to use a calculator whenever you prep is big. After all, it’s 2016, so when don’t you use a calculator when doing math. Unless you want to flounder test day, you should put down that calculator and rely either on mental math or the old pencil. The following are some sums you should be able to do in your head: For anything more advanced, use a pencil. If you are not use to working out problems this way, start soon. You’ll be glad you did.

The Hopelessness Theory of Depression - 776 Words

The hopelessness theory of depression is a reformulated theory of helplessness and depression. Hopelessness depression is a proposed subset of depression with strong implications about the power of perception. There are many negative symptoms, which accompany hopelessness depression. Hopelessness is the sufficient cause of hopelessness depression and is a phenomenon, which deserves a lot of attention. This paper reviews the various elements of hopelessness depression, reviews its causes and consequences, explores treatment courses and takes at the implications of hopelessness. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES Hopelessness depression is characterized by the feelings of hopelessness. The feeling of hopelessness can be arrived to through many†¦show more content†¦Proximate causes are closer to the onset of the symptoms than distal causes. In addition to the time gap between the cause and the manifested symptoms another factor to consider is to what extent do the events contribute to the onset of the depressive symptoms. It is important to remember that the impact of hopelessness depression symptoms on an individual is a direct product his/her perception of the impact of the life event. SYMPTOMS Hopelessness depression is characterized by two distinguished symptoms: a) retarded motivation and b) sad affect. These two symptoms come from the belief that motivation to try will be worthless and sadness is derived from this sense of a bleak future. Such a hopeless attitude can also result in lowered self-esteem especially if they feel as though they will not succeed in various activities in relation to their peers. The length of the disorder ranges depending on how lasting the event is perceived to be and the lack of social support TREATMENT Since negative life events are theorized to bring the feeling of hopelessness, positive life events are thus presumed to bring on the feelings of hopefulness. Essentially, to prevent the manifestation of depressive symptomatology, the hopeless individual must perceive the life event as an occurrence that is finite in nature and can be controlled with sensible amount of motivation. An extension of this method would involve addressing the behavior ofShow MoreRelatedThe Hopelessness Theory of Depression1798 Words   |  8 Pagessuffering from depression. The articles will be discussing Cognitive Behavioral Therapies effectiveness on those of different ages and genders. The literature will research and review quantitative and qualitative studies and what their outcomes revealed. Research on the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for those who are suffering from depression shows that in the short term, the effectiveness is similar in results to medical interventions. However, in treating depression for a longRead MorePositive, Positive And Positive Psychology1413 Words   |  6 Pagessadness and emotional problems (Ciarrochi et al., 2007), low levels of depression and anxiety (Snyder et al, 1997) and students with high hope have reported feeling more confident and motivated compared to students with low hope (Snyder et al, 2002). Moreover, Lazarus (1991), has identified hope to be a coping mechanism for individuals that are dealing with stressful, painful or traumatic life experiences. Hopelessness is the inclination that circumstances will not improve or the belief thatRead MoreAaron Beck Youngest Of Five Children1634 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviors such as depression. â€Å"Beck struggled to find a way to help his depressed client’s better capture their emotions. He realized that many of his depressed clients experienced recurring negative thoughts and that as long as they believed these thoughts to be true, they would continue to have symptoms of depression†(GoodTherapy.org). Beck spent much of his career at the University of Pennsylvania and advocated for the application of cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression and otherRead MoreThe Client With Anxiety And Depressive Symptoms1377 Words   |  6 Pagesto a professional counselor by his family physician. He has been experiencing severe symptoms of depression and anxiety that has a 3 month duration and has been progressively getting worse. He has admitted to thoughts of suicide ideation an option, feelings of hopelessness and is unsatisfied with his life, hence, questioning his existence. He has disclosed a pattern in his family of paternal depression from both his father and grandfather along with negative feelings towards his father, feeling persecutedRead MoreAaron Beck, An American Psychiatrist1188 Words   |  5 Pagesbehaviors such as depression. â€Å"Beck struggled to find a way to help his depressed clients better capture their emotions. He realized that many of his depressed clients experienced recurring negative thoughts and that as long as they believed these thoughts to be true, they would continue to have symptoms of depression†(GoodTherapy.org). Beck spent much of his career at the University of Pennsylvania and advocated for the application of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of depression and otherRead MoreMajor Types Of Major Depressive Disorder ( Mdd ) Essay927 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most common psychological dis orders. Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a psychiatric mood disorder that is characterized by dramatic and unpredictable mood swings. Symptoms include severe depression, euphoria, distractibility, irritability, and grandiosity. Usually patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder can have depression as the initial onset symptom. There are three types of BD: Bipolar I Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, and Cyclothymia. Bipolar I Disorder includes at least one lifetime manic episodeRead MoreDiagnosing Bipolar Disorder659 Words   |  3 Pagesperson with bipolar disorder spends in state of depression, manic, hypomanic, mixed, or cycling. Biplore 1 When a person experiences at least one but more manic episodes, alternating with major depression, sufferers with mania episodes have periods of rapid cycling which can be excessive or sometimes combative demeanors. These emotional states go from one extreme to the other. This emotional state will is followed by periods of withdrawal, and hopelessness. When these episodes become constant or tooRead MoreThe Interaction Of Cognitive Therapy878 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Therapy (ICS) Study An accruing relapse of depression is hard to overcome nevertheless; preventing these relapses is the key. The length of depression constitutes a major problem in the treatment of depression. However, many evidences suggest that psychological treatments have been withdrawn to the many treatment trials that have been found in cognitive therapy such as drugs or different types of therapy that defends against depression. â€Å"The preventive interventions such as the drugs operateRead MoreTheories About Perfectionism And Suicidal Ideation, And Its Dimensions On Depressed Adolescent Patients1334 Words   |  6 Pages The psychological study by Paul.L Hewitt and Gordon L.Flett investigated the theory about perfectionism and suicidal ideation, and its dimensions on depressed adolescent patients. According to this article, we could say that researchers used for this study correlational method, which comprises sample data based on five independent variables such as perfectionism, str ess, daily hassles, hopelessness, and suicide potential. The sample data consisted of 55 adolescents, who completedRead MoreDiscuss the Effectiveness of Cbt as a Treatment for Depression1428 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the effectiveness of CBT as a treatment for depression Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a talking psychotherapy that is now commonly available through general practice as a low cost alternative treatment to antidepressant drugs. Individuals with depression, a mood disorder, are found to have low levels of neurotransmitters (Schildkraut, Green amp; Mooney, 1985) and were traditionally treated with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). According to NHS statistics, SSRIs

Two Philosophical Arguments for the Existence of God

Essay to Compare and evaluate two philosophical arguments for the existence of God. Throughout the course of this essay we shall examine two of the major philosophical arguments for the existence of God. The arguments that we are going to focus on shall be the Design argument and the Ontological argument. We shall compare, evaluate and discuss both the Design (or teleological) argument for the existence of God and the Ontological Argument for the existence of God, as well as highlighting philosophical criticisms of both theories too. By doing so, we shall attempt to draw a satisfactory conclusion and aim gain a greater understanding of the respective theories and their criticisms of each theory. The Design Argument Firstly, we shall focus on the Design (or to use its philosophically technical term, the teleological argument). There are numerous variants of the Design argument, however we shall be focusing on Paley’s version (reference 1) of this theory. Paley’s version of the Design argument is based upon the idea that by looking around at certain features of the world (for example an inanimate object like a rock or say a living creature like dolphin or a person like myself) and theorising that they are too complex and intricate to randomly just manifest. They must have been created by a higher, more intelligent power and thus, if this is accepted as being so, then this proves beyond doubt that God exists. According to Paley, the inference from the observation of theShow MoreRelatedKant And Anselm : Argument For God s Existence1142 Words   |  5 PagesTitle†¨21 November 2016 Any Topic (Writer s Choice) Kant and Anselm: The Argument for God’s Existence Philosophers have for long debated on the existence of a Supreme all powerful and all perfect God, Kant, and Anselm being among them. Where Anselm has supported the presence of God and all the attributes that regard to the Him, Kant has risen up with a counter argument. The interaction between the two, the philosophical objection raised by Kant, and what this means to the rest of mankind will beRead MoreKant And Anselm : Argument For God s Existence1129 Words   |  5 PagesKant and Anselm: The Argument for God’s Existence Philosophers have for long debated on the existence of a Supreme all powerful and all perfect God, Kant, and Anselm being among them. Where Anselm has supported the presence of God and all the attributes that regard to the Him, Kant has risen up with a counter argument. The interaction between the two, the philosophical objection raised by Kant, and what this means to the rest of mankind will be analyzed in this paper. To begin with, Anselm introducesRead MoreThe Nature And Existence Of God1010 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophical Perspective Philosophers, scientist, theologies and other scholars have engaged in heated debate on whether there is existence of God or not. Several approaches have been used to argue on the nature and existence of god but only a few have been accepted by many people. The physiological argument of the nature and existence of god take the form of epistemology, that looks at the nature of god from the scope of knowledge that man has, ontology that involves the study of how human beingRead MoreEssay on Discussion of the Existence of God767 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion of the Existence of God There is a lot of argument about does God exist or not exist. It was long time every person wanted to prove the existence of God. Some people argued that God exist and proved by many philosophical theories or scientific basics and religion reasons. On the other hand, other people do not believe in God existence and they have based their proven by many theories and scientific points. Many people have tried to prove Gods existence with rational Read MoreThe Doctrine Of God : The Justification For God1566 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. Whether it is Allah for the Muslims, Brahman for the Hindus, or God for Christians, it seems the notion of God is imbedded deep in the history of many different ethnicities and backgrounds. According to some studies a belief in a deity is innate, we are essentially hardwired to believe in God. Even from a young age we are taught â€Å"there is something more out there†, but is there? What proof is there? Has one every seen God? Is it ignorant to simply believe in something that has no proof? It isRead MoreDescartes Belief in God Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesDescartes and God In his groundbreaking work, Meditations on First Philosophy, the French philosopher Rene Descartes lays the groundwork for many philosophical principles by attempting to â€Å"establish a bold and lasting knowledge† (171)1. The foundations for knowledge Descartes established would go on to influence a plethora of other philosophers and philosophical works. Descartes argues in his meditations first from the point of view of complete skepticism, using skepticism as a tool in order toRead MoreDescartes: Proofs of God/Deception and Error Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesDescartes: Proofs of God/Deception and Error Instructions: First: Analyze and evaluate the two proofs of Gods existence. How are they different? Is one more convincing than the other? Why did Descartes think he needed two proofs? Do they do different work for him? And secondly: Does Descartes give a satisfactory account of human error, given a perfect and divine creator? Are Descartes arguments convincing, or does it still seem unnecessary and less than perfect that God created us with flawsRead MoreBeyond a Reasonable Doubt Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesAs surely as the possibility of God’s existence is self-evident to mankind, so it seems is the possibility of His non-existence. While virtually every culture throughout history has believed in at least one deity, the arguments for and against the existence of Christianity’s God have raged on for centuries. In his Institutes, John Calvin argued that God planted the knowledge of His existence in the heart of every man, saying: That there exists in the human mind, and indeed by natural instinct, someRead MoreWhat Does It All Mean?896 Words   |  4 Pagesreferring to a creator, God, probing whether this all-powerful creator can be an â€Å"ultimate explanation,† but an â€Å"incomprehensible answer† (100). Two Greek philosophers, Descartes and Anselm, try to individually prove the existence of God as the most omnipotent being in the universe, but they differ in explaining their thoughts of reasoning. In understanding their logic, we must also question whether God’s existence is a valid explanation outside of their thoughts. Whereas Anselm bases God as â€Å"something thanRead MoreDoes God Exist?1074 Words   |  5 PagesDoes God Exist ? 1. What role do arguments play in answering this question? I think arguments have played an important role in analyzing and understanding the depth of this question, for mankind. Although the question itself seems factual (either it does or it doesn t), yet no arguments have been able to answer this question conclusively, despite many debates going on for centuries. One possible reason for that inconclusiveness may lie in our intuition and the way, humans define God and existence

Martin Luther King Jr. had a Dream Essay - 662 Words

Martin Luther King Junior’s famous speech â€Å"I have a Dream† has many amazing memorable references. For example one reference is â€Å"let freedom ring† which is in the last sentence before the last paragraph of his speech. Another reference according to Standord.edu is borrowed from a speech given by a minister by the name of Archibald Carey which was a politician and family friend of Mr. Kings. That speech was delivered on 8 July 8, 1952 at the Republican National Convention. One of the best references that Mr. King mentions in his speech is from the United States Constitution itself, he said â€Å"This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the â€Å"unalienable Rights† of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the†¦show more content†¦So this text was almost like a sigh of relief that after so long blacks can finally breath knowing that at last the time has come to put a stop to the mistreatment of a p erson due to the color of his skin or race. By mentioning a song king did not only persuade people how American the black community truly is but it also shows that his words are not only towards getting the freedom people deserve but also towards the country that he loves. This song Free at Last means something to the entire country and all of its proud people and that is why King decided to include it in his speech. He made people see things from his point of view. The last piece that I chose to write about was where King states the text â€Å"Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.† When King says the text he refers to the Declaration of Independence because it is something everybody lives under and everyone in this country has a connection towards. The point that was proven by the text â€Å"Life Liberty and The Pursuit of Happiness: is one that the entire country can recognize because of the connection to the U.S. Declaration of Independence. The point that King is attempting to portray is that no matter what color, race, or nationality of a person, the constitution says exactly what everyone will fight for and what the black community had been asking for all thoseShow MoreRelatedI Had A Dream Speech By Martin Luther King Jr.1684 Words   |  7 Pages On August 28 of 1963, In Washington DC, near the Lincoln memorial, history was changed. On that very day, the most known social activist of that day, Martin Luther King J r. delivered his â€Å"I had a dream speech† In the duration of five minutes, he made history and changed society’s view upon those with a darker skin tone. On that day he changed many opinions and views, in the matter of five minutes. He proved that we, the American people have the power to change a nation through our wordsRead MoreOutliers Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesOutlier Essay: Martin Luther King Jr. An outlier is a person or thing situated away or detached from the main body or system. In other words, an outlier is somebody who goes out of his or her way and does something extraordinary in order to accomplish their goal. Martin Luther King Jr. is a true example of an outlier. In the early 1900s, segregation was strongly recognized in the United States, until Martin Luther King Jr. stood up for what he believed in and made a change. Although he made a differenceRead MoreI Have A Dream By Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1102 Words   |  5 Pageswater hoses to being brutally beaten by those that are supposed to protect and serve. In the speech, I Have A Dream by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., he elaborates on the fight African Americans have endured and sets the path for freedom and equality while We Shall Overcome by L.B Johnson speaks on providing equality for all Americans. According to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. speech, â€Å"I Have A Dream†, we, as nation and as people must de mand freedom based on equality and perseverance. Equality and perseveranceRead MoreEssay on The Life of Martin Luther King Jr.1244 Words   |  5 Pagesworld. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born to Alberta and Martin Luther King. Alberta Williams King was born September 13, 1904 in Atlanta, Georgia. Martin Luther King, Sr. was born December 19, 1899 in Stockbridge, Georgia. Martins dad was a pastor at the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. His mother was a school teacher. His siblings were Christine King Farris born September 11, 1927, and Alfred Daniel Williams King born July 30, 1930. Martin was the middle child. Martin Luther KingRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Research Paper1430 Words   |  6 PagesCommunications Essay DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. SPEECH â€Å"I HAVE A DREAM† Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15 , 1929 and died on April 4, 1968. He was born Michael Luther King Jr. but decided to change his name to Martin. Both Martin Luther’s grandfather and father were pastors of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. Martin Luther carried on the tradition and served as pastor from 1960-1968 (Nobel Prize, 1). He was a big part of the civil rights movement for his raceRead Moreâ€Å"I Am Happy To Join With You Today In What Will Go Down1420 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† (Lerone Bennett Jr. pg.125) Being a hero means to be a leader. To be a leader you have to have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s, there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is the right of freedom and equality of all people. A major leader, Martin Luther King Jr. was involved in the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. King was influenced by advocates of nonviolence such as Mahatm a Gandhi. He wanted to seekRead MoreMartin Luther King Pathos and Ethos of Speech895 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Martin Luther King Juniors use of Ethos Pathos in his â€Å"I have a dream† speech. On August 28, 1963, people around the nation tuned into hear several civil rights speeches going on in Washington. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of those civil rights speakers, and that day he gave his famous â€Å"I have a dream† speech. In Dr. Martin Luther King Juniors speech, he spoke about unifying the nation, to create a place where Americans â€Å"will not be judged by the color of your skin but by the contentRead MoreMartin Luther King Essay Rhetorical Devices820 Words   |  4 PagesM amp; W 19 Feb, 2013 The Speech That Changed America â€Å"I have a dream,† perhaps some of the most widely known words that will always be remembered in our nation’s history. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. not only had a way with his powerful words, but also with the way that he carried himself in a professional and highly educated manner. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. used several rhetorical devices in his, â€Å"I have a dream speech,† but none more powerful than the point he was trying to convey toRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr., A Political Icon Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause they and their accomplishments have forever changed society and the world. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of those individuals. Martin Luther Kings contributions to history place him in this inimitable position. One of the great figures in the march of human history, Martin Luther King Jr., like Gandhi before him, lived by a heroic credo of non-violence. More than two decades since his death, Martin Luther King ideas; his call f or racial equality, his faith in the ultimate triumph of justiceRead MoreThe Fight for Freedom1312 Words   |  6 PagesTricia Andryszewski informs her readers that Black Americans had been working for change since before the civil war, but mainly beyond. Some of the most prominent civil rights leaders include Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, Philip Randolph, and Bayard Rustin. The two main goals of the civil rights activists being, equal rights and treatment for all races. As a result, the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech was written by Martin Luther King, Jr., a man who â€Å"Led successful efforts to integrate public

The American Revolution as a conservative movement.

The American Revolution , while it may have been the first war that was started to actually put into practice some ideas that previously had only been talked about, did not have any ideas that were new. Nothing really changed as far as the average man was concerned, after the revolution. Slaves were still enslaved, Indians were still considered savages, women were not given equal rights and the governments were still basically the same, except now there were no royal govenors. Most of the main ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence were borrowed from John Locke, a famous english philosopher. He believed that if the ruling body if it offends against natural law must be deposed. Locke saw it as a right and sometimes†¦show more content†¦The main staple of John Locke, and America s explanation as to why a country (in this case the u.s.) had the right to sever their ties to the ruling body (England) was that the power of the legislature ... is limited to the public good of the society. It is a power that hath no other end but preservation, and thereforeShow MoreRelatedA Conservative Revolution1523 Words   |  7 PagesA Conservative Revolution Whether the American Revolution should be viewed as a conservative or radical movement is a hotly debated topic among historians, and each side provides a convincing case. Historians who view the movement as radical praise the colonists’ effort to send the British crown’s rule and effective implementation of a democratic government to the extent the world had never seen before. On the other hand, historians who view the American Revolution as a conservative movement noteRead MoreWas the American Revolution Conservative?1246 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Was the American Revolution Conservative? (Order A2098864) During the 1950s the mainstream historical thinking concentrated on the idea that the American Revolution was a conservative movement which did not cause great political or social upheavals. Many looked at the later French Revolution as an example of a more radicalized and revolutionary movement and determined that the American Revolution was tame by comparison. And while it is true that many of the legal and political arguments madeRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Reagan Revolution1592 Words   |  7 PagesThe phenomenon dubbed the â€Å"Reagan Revolution,† can have its roots traced back decades, as early as the 1950s. It is important to start in this era, as it sets the stage for the 60s, which ultimately leads into the 70s and 80s, as history tends to portray a cause and effect relationship. Each of these generations contribute to this revolution of conservatism becoming the most popular view in the nation because of their cultural and social elements, with the 60s being the mos t important period. HoweverRead MoreFamily Values And The American Dream1441 Words   |  6 PagesFamily values have become a central idea in the concept of the American Dream. For several decades, family values have received emphasis in the American politics. Particularly, the last three decades of the twentieth century were of critical importance in the development of the various movements that promoted family values. The rise of evangelical leaders and conservative politicians served to bring family values to the consciousness of the nation. The Christian right leaders came together to supportRead MoreThe Rebirth Of American Conservatism1123 Words   |  5 PagesRebirth of American Conservatism From the Late 1950’s through the 1960’s a movement started to reclaim the idea of freedom. Until the 1960’s, American Politics was dominated by liberalism. Many presidents defined themselves as being liberal, and the presidents who didn’t during their presidency may be called centrist or left leaning in today’s political climate. The idea to reclaim the idea of freedom gave birth to the Conservative movement. Conservatism was not extinct prior to the 1964 presidentialRead MoreThe American Revolution877 Words   |  4 Pagespeople believe the American Revolution is strictly liberal, in truth it is conservative evidenced by the new British policies, colonial reactions and the examinations of what it means to be conservative vs. liberal. The American Revolution was triggered, by many laws that were passed between 1763 and 1775 that controlled trade and taxes. This legislation caused pressure between colonists and imperial officers, who had made it clear that the British Parliament would not address American complaints relatingRead MoreThe American Revolution : A Heroic School By Robert Brown1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Revolution was a war that happened between 1775-1783 where the 13 colonies in America gained independence from Great Britain and became the United States of America. Over time there have been several different historical interpretations about the causes of the American Revolution. Many of these interpretations lack evidence or provide a very one sided claim. The best explanation for the causes of the American Revolution out of the 5 passages provided is â€Å"A Democratic Movement† writtenRead MoreLiberalism And Conservatism And Liberalism1598 Words   |  7 Pageshave remained consi stent in the core principles which underlie their existence and political ideologies. While Conservatism and Liberalism may share a common goal - as expressed by Robin L. West (1984-1985, p. 673), who wrote that both liberal and conservative ideas share a â€Å"commitment to the creation of a state in which all members of the community share in the good life† - It seems to me that this is where their ideological similarities end, and that their ideological differences make them fundamentallyRead MoreThe Issue Of Annexation Movements Inside Canada843 Words   |  4 PagesBy definition, Manifesto is a public declaration of policy and aims. Annexation movements inside Canada were usually inspired by dissatisfaction with Britain s colonial government of Canada. For example, a groups of Irish immigrants took the route of attempting to annex the peninsula between the Detroit and Niagara Rivers to the U.S. by force in 1837-1838. The War of 1812 built up hatred overtime between the Americans and the British. But as a result, there were no territorial changes. Another significantRead MoreEssay about 1960 Time Capsule1584 Words   |  7 Pagestime capsule was a letter from the Birmingham County Jail. http://learnfly.wordpress.com/2007/01/15/56/ SCLC allied with the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, to protest the conditions in Birmingham. (Spark Note, 2005) Between 1957 and 1962 seventeen black churches and homes were bombed. The population of Birmingham was 40% African American, there were 80,000 registered voters and only 10,000 were black. There was little hope for a political solution regarding the racial divide (Spark

Effect of Communication Barriers and Overcoming These Barriers Free Essays

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you, Mr. Chairman for letting me speak. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Communication Barriers and Overcoming These Barriers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let me introduce myself before we go to the topic. My name Mrs. Aida as a Public Speaking Trainer. Firstly, I want to explain to all of you what is communication? Communication is a process beginning with a sender who encodes the message and passes it through some channel to the receiver who decodes the message. Communication is fruitful if and only if the messages sent by the sender is interpreted with same meaning by the receiver. If any kind of disturbance blocks any step of communication, the message will be destroyed. Due to such disturbances, managers in an organization face severe problems. Thus the managers must locate such barriers and take steps to get rid of them. There are several barriers that affects the flow of communication in an organization. These barriers interrupt the flow of communication from the sender to the reciever, thus making communication ineffective. It is essential for managers to overcome these barriers. The main barriers of communication are summarized below. â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen,† Firstly let me explain one of communication barriers is Perceptual and Language Differences. Perception is generally how each individual interprets the world around him. All generally want to receive messages which are significant to them. But any message which is against their values is not accepted. A same event may be taken differently by different individuals. For example : A person is on leave for a month due to personal reasons (family member being critical). The HR Manager might be in confusion whether to retain that employee or not, the immediate manager might think of replacement because his teams productivity is being hampered, the family members might take him as an emotional support. Secondly is Information Overload. Managers are surrounded with a pool of information. It is essential to control this information flow else the information is likely to be misinterpreted or forgotten or overlooked. As a result communication is less effective. The next barriers was Time Pressures:  Often in organization the targets have to be achieved within a specified time period, the failure of which has adverse consequences. In a haste to meet deadlines, the formal channels of communication are shortened, or messages are partially given, i. e. , not completely transferred. Thus sufficient time should be given for effective communication. â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen,† Distraction/Noise:  Communication is also affected a lot by noise to distractions. Physical distractions are also there such as, poor lightning, uncomfortable sitting, unhygienic room also affects communication in a meeting. Similarly use of loud speakers interferes with communication. Emotions:  Emotional state at a particular point of time also affects communication. If the receiver feels that communicator is angry he interprets that the information being sent is very bad. While he takes it differently if the communicator is happy and jovial (in that case the message is interpreted to be good and interesting). Complexity in Organizational Structure:  Greater the hierarchy in an organization (i. e. more the number of managerial levels), more is the chances of communication getting destroyed. Only the people at the top level can see the overall picture while the people at low level just have knowledge about their own area and a little knowledge about other areas. Poor retention:  Human memory cannot function beyond a limit. One cant always retain what is being told specially if he is not interested or not attentive. This leads to communication breakdown. So, how we as a manager to overcome these barriers of communicate? There are a lot of communication barriers faced these days by all. The message intended by the sender is not understood by the receiver in the same terms and sense and thus communication breakdown occurs. It is essential to deal and cope up with these communication barriers so as to ensure smooth and effective communication. As, in the previous section we have discussed the major barriers of communication. Let’s talk about  how to overcome these barriers of communication. Eliminating differences in perception:  The organization should ensure that it is recruiting right individuals on the job. It’s the responsibility of the interviewer to ensure that the interviewee has command over the written and spoken language. There should be proper Induction program so that the policies of the company are clear to all the employees. There should be proper trainings conducted for required employees (for eg: Voice and Accent training). Use of Simple Language:  Use of simple and clear words should be emphasized. Use of ambiguous words and jargons should be avoided. Reduction and elimination of noise levels:  Noise is the main communication barrier which must be overcome on priority basis. It is essential to identify the source of noise and then eliminate that source. Active Listening:  Listen attentively and carefully. There is a difference between â€Å"listening† and â€Å"hearing†. Active listening means hearing with proper understanding of the message that is heard. By asking questions the speaker can ensure whether his/her message is understood or not by the receiver in the same terms as intended by the speaker. Emotional State:  During communication one should make effective use of body language. He/she should not show their emotions while communication as the receiver might misinterpret the message being delivered. For example, if the conveyer of the message is in a bad mood then the receiver might think that the information being delivered is not good. Simple Organizational Structure:  The organizational structure should not be complex. The number of hierarchical levels should be optimum. There should be a ideal span of control within the organization. Simpler the organizational structure, more effective will be the communication. Avoid Information Overload:  The managers should know how to prioritize their work. They should not overload themselves with the work. They should spend quality time with their subordinates and should listen to their problems and feedbacks actively. Give Constructive Feedback:  Avoid giving negative feedback. The contents of the feedback might be negative, but it should be delivered constructively. Constructive feedback will lead to effective communication between the superior and subordinate. Proper Media Selection:  The managers should properly select the medium of communication. Simple messages should be conveyed orally, like: face to face interaction or meetings. Use of written means of communication should be encouraged for delivering complex messages. For significant messages reminders can be given by using written means of communication such as : Memos, Notices etc. Flexibility in meeting the targets:  For effective communication in an organization the managers should ensure that the individuals are meeting their targets timely without skipping the formal channels of communication. There should not be much pressure on employees to meet their targets. Conclusion Communication is a process of exchange of information between two or more people. Barriers that affect the process of communication can be reduced if the presenter and receiver of information to understand the role and duties of each in securing an effective communication process. By ensuring that the principles of communication clear, concise, accurate, complete and politely complied with, will allow this communication to achieve the desired goals. Hence all obstacles and weaknesses in achieving effective communication should be addressed and improved to enhance the importance of communication in everyday life. Overcome barriers to communication within the organization to ensure the free flow of information between sender and receiver and for effective communication among employees. Effective communication reduce error rates, reduce conflict and an understanding of and increase the profits of the organization. And we as managers must try their best to avoid communication barriers within the organization for effective business communication. How to cite Effect of Communication Barriers and Overcoming These Barriers, Papers

Catcher In The Rye Essay Paper Example For Students

Catcher In The Rye Essay Paper The theme that the world has an outward appearance that seems fair and perfect but really theyre as Holden put it phonies. This is shown countless amount of times in his journey through New York and even before he left. The setting is in the 1950s; so Im pretty sure that he didnt encounter any transvestites, lesbians, or anything that extreme of phoniest. Or on the other hand he could have liked them for being as Elmemson said a none conformist. But I doubt it, he seemed to like kids more than anything. And his job, as he felt, was to protect them in their innocents; of which I will talk about in my second theme. The first example that stands out in my mind is the scene with Stradlater in the can. If you remember Stradlater was getting ready for his other date while Holden watched him. Stradlater was a secret slob in public he always looked good and got all the girls but in fact he was a slob. His razor that made him look so good was rusty as hell and full on lather and hair and crap . This proves that he is a slob to never clean it or anything. If you think about it thats even worst than Old Ackley. At least Ackley knew that he had a problem, that he need to do something about his face; but Stradlater thought that he was a great guy. He actually thought that there was nothing wrong with never washing his razor. I think that what mad, Holden so made Stradlater was perpetrating in other word being phony every time he went out all GQ after using that filthy razor. Another instance is when he calls that girl in New York, Faith Cavendish, that Eddie Birdsell had brought to a dance at Princeton. Anyway he called her and she almost went off until Holden drooped Eddies name. Then all of a sudden she was getting friendly as hell. The same person said if you think I enjoy bein woke up in the middle- was getting an english accent all of a sudden. I think Holden caught her with her faade down. When she first picked up the phone she was mad as anybody else would be in her s hoes. But as soon as she processed Eddie Birdsell from Princeton she became so amicable. She most of thought that a friend of Eddie, from Princeton, most have been rich or at lest well off. Faith was all ready to hook up with him for a date until she asked Where ya callin from? Where ya at now, anyways? And in a phone booth was the wrong answer. When he said that she new he had no money and from that point on she had no time to meet up any more. This is a good example of the phoniest that Holden will talk about all through book. Oh and one I almost missed it is a little before the conversation with Faith it is a very important event. When J.D. Salinger had Holden look about of the window I think it was a big simile, of which I think about more in theme number 3, of the theme of the book. Im sure Holden didnt ride all the way to New York to pick a run down hotel. So I take it when he drove up it probably looked good on the outside. He even took it off referring to the red hunting hat before I checked inI didnt want to look like a screwball or something. So we can assume it was nice, or at lest on the outside. Salinger even throw Holden foreshadowed a little in the line I didnt know then that the goddam hotel was full of perverts and morons. The first guy he saw out his room window took out all these womens clothes, and put them on. Then he started walking around like a women, smoking a cigarette, and looking in the mirror. And now I guest I have to take back my sentence about transvestites in the opening paragraph. Second he saw a couple squiring water and they .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .postImageUrl , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:hover , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:visited , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:active { border:0!important; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:active , .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854 .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u91233711553eb8835ec2fc3cc4831854:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leonardo Da Vinci Persuasive Essay

Detrimental Effect of Stress on Australians

Question: Which Australian population experience the most detrimental effects of stress on their health? why. Answer: Introduction: Stress is an omnipresent of life and is a actually a stimulus that affects our mental and physical health. An influence regulates the behaviour of a body. For example if the stress is more the body is hyperactive, if the stress is low the body acts normal. It has a reflective effect on the human body. It is generally a feeling of being inundated, tensed. Causes of stress on Australians: Many Australians are facing detrimental effect of stress. There are many reasons for the increasing stress levels. These people suffer from stress because of financial issues. Financial issues have become foremost reason increasing the stress level amongst Australians. Craving for a better lifestyle, they suffer huge stress. The other reasons can be relationship issues, i.e. when they go through difficulties of relationships and are unhappy they go through stress (Lifeline.org.au, 2015). The stress because of the workplace is also a big reason for the increasing level of stress. According to a research conducted by the Australian Psychological society in 2013, one in every three individuals in Australia goes through depression. Women are reportedly suffering from higher level of stress than men are. It also came out in the research that 1 in 7 Australians are suffering from severe stress. In a short summary, it can be said that the demographic population aged between 20- 40 are much stressed in Australia. This population suffers this stress because they are handling the major pressures of life. They have goals to meet, they are highly ambitious and they are workaholic due to which they are not able to focus more on personal family relationships, which are another reasons of stress. Stress Management by Australians: As per the research of Australian psychology society, 85% of the people watched television to relieve themselves from stress, 82% of the people spent time with friends and family. However, eating, drinking alcohol, drinking water were also some stress management tools used the by Australians. Other psychological functions help Australians to feel less stressed like getting valued at workplace. Motivation is a tool that is of a high degree stress buster. Being appreciated and valued sometimes help people becoming stress free (Stress and wellbeing in Australia survey 2013, 2013). It can be said that, if Australian start valuing others and appreciating them for their works an ample amount of stress can shed away. Conclusion: Stress is a part of everyone`s life. Sometimes stress is good because it infuses energy within an individual to achieve something. However, stress on a regular basis and a high level of stress can lead to many health issues. The greater impact can lead to heart disease too. Depression, feeling weak, indigestion, insomnia, anxiety, is other issues. This is self-generated health issue and one can overcome them if he/she wants. Hence, they should try to keep themselves calm, work as much as is needed and give time to their families and friends and always try to keep themselves positive. Bibliography: Lifeline.org.au,. (2015).Work and Finance Stress Causes Australians to Lose Sleep - Lifeline | Crisis Support and Suicide Prevention. Retrieved 25 February 2015, from https://www.lifeline.org.au/About-Lifeline/Media-Centre/Media-Releases/Media-Release-Files/Work-and-Finance-Stress-Causes-Australians-to-Lose-Sleep Stress and wellbeing in Australia survey 2013. (2013) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.apshealthyworkplace.com.au/Assets/Files/Stress%20and%20wellbeing%20in%20Australia%20in%202012%20-%20A%20state-of-the-nation%20survey.pdf

Options and Derivatives Chapter Essay Example

Options and Derivatives Chapter Paper A trader is hedging when she has an exposure to the price of an asset and takes position in a derivative to offset the exposure. In a speculation the trader has no exposure to offset. She is betting on the future movements in the price of the asset. Arbitrage involves taking a position in two or more different markets to lock in a profit. Problem 1,3, What is the difference between entering into a long forward contract when the forward price is SO and taking a long position in a call option with a strike price of $50? In the first case the trader is obligated to buy the asset for $50. The trader does not have a choice. ) In the second case the trader has an option to buy the asset for $50. The trader does not have to exercise the option. ) Problem 1. 4. Explain carefully the difference between selling a call option and buying a put option. Selling a call option implies giving someone else the right to buy an asset from you. It gives you a payoff of Buying a put option involves buying an option from someone else. It gives a payoff of In both cases the potential payoff is. When you write a call option, the payoff is negative or zero. This is because the counterparts chooses Whether to exercise. ) When you buy a put option, the payoff is zero or positive. (This is because you choose Whether to exercise. Problem 1. 5. An investor enters into a short foamed contract to sell 100,000 British pounds for LIST dollars at an exchange rate of 1. 4000 US dollars per pound. How much does the investor gain or lose if the exchange rate at the end of the contract is (a) 1. 3900 and (b) 1. 4200? (a) The investor is obligated to sell pounds for 14000 when they are worth 1. 3900. The gain is (1. 4000-1. 3900) $1,000. B) The investor is obligated to sell pounds for 14000 when they are worth 1. 4200. The loss is $2,000 Problem 1,6, A trader enters into a short cotton futures contract when the futures price is 50 cents per pound. The contract is for the delivery of 50,000 pounds Ho w much does the trader gain or lose if the cotton price at the end of the contract is (a) 4820 cents per pound; (b) 51. 30 cents per pound? (a) The trader sells for 50 cents per pound something that is worth 48. 20 cents per pound. Gain (b) The trader sells for 50 cents per pound something that is worth 51. 30 cents per pound. Loss . Problem 1. 7, Suppose that you write a put contract with a strike price of $40 and an expiration date in three months, The current stock price is SIS and the contract is on 100 shares. What have you committed yourself to? How much could you gain or lose? Vow have sold a put option. You have agreed to buy ICC shares for $40 per share if the part/ on the other side of the contract chooses to exercise the right to sell for this price, The option will be exercised only when the price of stock is below $40. Suppose, for example, that the option is exercised when the price is $30. We will write a custom essay sample on Options and Derivatives Chapter specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Options and Derivatives Chapter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Options and Derivatives Chapter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer You have to buy at $40 shares that are worth $30; you lose 510 per share, or $1 ,OHO in total. Fifth option is exercised when the price is 520, you lose 520 per share, or $2,000 in total. The worst that can happen is that the price of the stock declines o almost zero during the three-month period. This highly unlikely event would cost you $4,000. In return for the possible future losses, you receive the price of the option from the purchaser. Problem 1. 8. What is the difference between the over-the-counter market and the exchange- traded market? What are the bid and Offer quotes Of a market maker in the over- the-counter market? The over-the-counter market is a telephone- and computer-linked network of financial institutions, fund managers, and corporate treasurers where two participants can enter into any mutually acceptable contract. An exchange- rated market is a market organized by an exchange where traders either meet physically or community electronically and the contracts that can be traded have been defined by the exchange. When a market maker quotes a bid and an offer, the bid is the price at which the market maker is prepared to buy and the offer is the price at which the market maker is prepared to sell. Problem 1. 9. You would like to speculate on a rise in the price off certain stock. The current stock price is $29, and a three-month call with a strike of $30 costs $2. 90. You have $5,800 to invest. Identify two alternative strategies, one involving an investment in the stock and the other involving investment in the option. What are the potential gains and losses from each? One strategy would be to buy 200 shares. Another would be to buy 2,000 options. Fifth share price does well the second strategy will give rise to greater gains. For example, if the share price goes up to $40 you gain from the second strategy and only from the first strategy. However, if the share price does badly, the second sweater gives greater losses. For example, fifth share price goes down to 525, the first strategy leads to a loss of whereas the second strategy leads to a loss of the whole $5,800 investment. This example shows that options contain built in leverage. Problem l, 10. Suppose you own 5,000 shares that are worth $25 each. How can put options be used to provide you with insurance against a decline in the value of your holding over the next four months? You could buy 50 put option contracts (each on 100 shares) with a strike price of 525 and an expiration date in four months. If at the end of four months the stock price proves to be less than $25, you can exercise the options and sell the shares for $25 each. Problem 1. 11 _ When first issued, a stock provides funds for a company. Is the same true of an exchange-traded stock option? Discuss. An exchange-traded stock option provides no funds for the company. It is a security sold by one investor to another. The company is not involved. By contrast, a stock when it is first issued is sold by the company to investors and does provide funds for the company. Problem 1. 12. Explain why a futures contract can be used for either speculation or hedging. If an investor has an exposure to the price of an asset, he or she can hedge with futures contracts. If the investor will gain when the price decreases and lose when the price increases, a long futures position will hedge the risk. If the investor will lose when the price decreases and gain when the price increases, a short futures position will hedge the risk. Thus either a long or a short futures position can be entered into for hedging purposes, If the investor has no exposure to the price of the underlying asset, entering into a futures contract is speculation, If the investor takes a long position, he or she gains when the assets price increases and loses when it decreases. Fifth investor takes a short position, he or she loses venue the assets price increases and gains when it decreases. Problem 1. 13_ Suppose that a March call option to buy a share for $50 costs $2. 50 and is held until March. Under What circumstances Will the holder Of the option make a profit? Ender what circumstances will the option be exercised? Draw a diagram showing how the profit on a long position in the option depends on the stock price at the maturity of the option. The holder of the option will gain if the price of the stock is above SIS. 50 in March. (This ignores the time value of money. ) The option will be exercised if the price of the stock is above S IS. O in March. The profit as a function of the stock rice is shown in Figure SSL. L. Figure SSL. L Profit from long position in problem I . 13 Problem 1. 14_ Suppose that a June put option to sell a share for $60 costs $4 and is held until June. Under what circumstances will the seller of the option (i. A, the party with a short position) make a profit? Underwear circumstances will the option be exercised? Draw a diagram showing how the profit from a short position in the option depends on the stock price at the maturity of the option. The seller of the option will lose money if the price of the stock is below $56. 00 in June. (This ignores the time value Of money. The option Will be exercised if the price of the stock is below $60. 00 in June. The profit as a function of the stock price is shown in Figure IS . 2- Figure SSL. Profit from short position in Problem 1. 14 Problem 1. 15. It is May and a trader writes a September call option with a strike price of 520. The stock price is $18, and the option price is $2. Describe the investors cash flows if the option is held until September and the stock price is SIS at this time. The trader has an inflow of $2 in May and an outflow of in September _ The 52 is the cash received f rom the sale of the option. The $5 is the result of the option being exercised. The investor has to buy the stock for $25 in September and sell it to the purchaser of the option for $20. Problem 1. 16. A trader writes a December put option With a strike price Of 530. The price Of the option is $4. Under what circumstances does the trader make a gain? The trader makes a gain fifth price of the stock is above $26 at the time of exercise. (This ignores the time value of money. ) Problem 1. 17. A company knows that it is due to receive a certain amount of a foreign currency in four months. What type of option contract is appropriate for hedging? A long position in a tour-month put option can provide insurance against the exchange rate falling below the strike price. It ensures that the foreign currency can be sold tort at least the strike price. Problem 1. 18. A IIS company expects to have to pay I million Canadian dollars in six months, Explain how the exchange rate risk can be hedged using (a) a poniard contract; (b) an option. The company could enter into a long forward contract to buy I million Canadian dollars in six months. This would have the effect of locking in an exchange rate equal to the current forward exchange rate Alternatively the company could ay a call option giving it the right (but not the obligation) to purchase 1 million Canadian dollars at a certain exchange rate in six months. This would provide insurance against a strong Canadian dollar in six months while still allowing the company to benefit from a weak Canadian dollar at that time. Problem 1. 19. A trader enters into a short forward contract on 100 million yen. The foamed exchange rate is 50. 0080 per yen. How much does the trader gain or lose if the exchange rate at the end of the contract is (a) $0. 0074 per yen; (b) $0. 0091 per yen? A) The trader sells 100 million yen for $0. 0080 per yen when the exchange rate is 0,0074 per yen. The gain is millions of dollars or $60,000, b) The trader sells 100 million yen for 50. 080 per yen when the exchange rate is $0. 0091 per yen. The loss is millions of dollars or SSL problem 1,20. The Chicago Board of Trade offers a futures contract on long-term Treasury bonds. Characterize the investors likely to use this contract. Most investors will use the contract because they want to do one of the following: a) Hedge an exposure to long-term interest rates. B) Specul ate on the future direction of long-term interest rates. C) Arbitrage between the spot and futures markets for Treasury bonds. This contract is discussed in Chapter 6. Problem 1. 21. Options and futures are zero-sum games. What do you think is meant by this statement? The statement means that the gain (loss) to the party with the short position is equal to the loss (gain) to the party with the long position. In aggregate, the net gain to all parties is zero. Problem 1. 22. Describe the profit from the following portfolio: a long forward contract on an asset and a long European put option on the asset with the same maturity as the forward contract and a strike price that is equal to the forward price of the asset t the time the portfolio is set up. The terminal value of the long forward contract is: where is the price of the asset at maturity and is the delivery price, which is the same as the forward price of the asset at the time the portfolio is set up). The terminal value of the put option is: The terminal value of the portfolio is therefore This is the same as the terminal value Of a European call option With the same maturity as the forward contract and a strike price equal to. This result is illustrated in the Figure IS 3. The profit equals the terminal value Of the call option less the amount paid for the put option. It does not cost anything to enter into the forward contract. Figure 51. 3 Profit from portfolio in Problem 1. 22 Problem 1,23. In the sass, Bankers Trust developed index currency option notes (ICONS). These are bonds in which the amount received by the holder at maturity varies with a foreign exchange rate. One example was its trade with the Long Term Credit Bank of Japan, The ICON specified that if the yen-U. S. Dollar exchange rate, is greater than 169 yen per dollar at maturity (in 1395), the holder of the bond receives IS,COO, If it is less than 169 yen per dollar, the amount received by the holder of the bond is When the exchange rate is below 84. 5, nothing is received by the holder at maturity. Show that this ICON is a combination Of a regular bond and two options. Suppose that the yen exchange rate (yen per dollar) at maturity of the ICON is. The payoff from the ICON is When the payoff can be written The payoff from an ICON is the payoff from: (a) A regular bond (b) A short position in call options to buy 169,000 yen with an exercise price to 1/169 (c) A long position in call options to buy 169,000 yen with an exercise price of 1/84. 5 This is demonstrated by the following table, which shows the terminal alee of the various components of the position Bond Short Calls Long Calls Whole position 1000 Problem 1. 4. On July I , 201 1, a company enters into a forward contract to buy 10 million Japanese yen on January 1, 2012. On September 1, 201 1, it enters into a forward contract to sell 10 million Japanese yen on January I, 2012. Describe the payoff from this strategy. Suppose that the forward price for the contract entered into on July 1, 2011 is and that the forward price f or the contract entered into on September I, 2011 is with both and being measured as dollars per yen. Fifth value of one Japanese en (measured in LIST dollars) is on January I , 2012, then the value Of the first contract (in millions of dollars) at that time is while the value of the second contract (per yen sold) at that time is: The total payoff from the two contracts is therefore Thus fifth forward price for delivery on January 1, 2012 increased between July 1 , 201 1 and September 1, 201 1 the company will make a profit. (Note that the yen/ USED exchange rate is usually expressed as the number of yen per USED not as the number to USED per yen) Problem 1. 25. Suppose that USED-sterling spot and forward exchange rates are as follows: Spot 1 _SASS go-day forward 1. 4556 I go-day forward 1. 4518 What opportunities are open to an arbitrageur in the following situations? (a) A 180-day European call option to buy II for $1. 42 costs 2 cents. (b) A go-day European put option to sell El for $1. 43 costs 2 cents. (a) The arbitrageur buys a 180-day call option and takes a short position in a 180- day forward contract. If is the terminal spot rate, the profit from the call option The profit from the short forward contract is The profit from the strategy is therefore This is 1. 4318-SST when SST 1. 42 This shows that the profit is always positive. x