Conjugating the French -re Verb Mordre (to Bite)

How High In the Sky Are Clouds

Have you ever looked up at the sky while cloud watching and wondered exactly how high above ground clouds float? A clouds height is determined by a number of things, including the type of cloud  and the level at which condensation happens at that particular time of day (this changes depending on what the atmospheric conditions are). When we talk about cloud height, we have to be careful because it can mean  one of two things. It can refer to the height above ground, in which case it is called the  cloud ceiling or cloud base. Or, it can describe the  height of the cloud itself -- the distance between its base and its top, or how tall it is. This characteristic is called cloud thickness or cloud depth.   Cloud Ceiling Definition Cloud ceiling refers to the height above the earths surface of the cloud base (or of the lowest cloud layer if theres more than one type of cloud in the sky.) (ceiling because it is the Low clouds, which include cumulus and clouds, can form anywhere from near the surface up to 2,000 meters (6,500 feet).  Middle clouds form at altitudes of 2,000 to 4,000 meters (6,500 to 13,000 ft) above ground near the poles, 2,000 to 7,000 meters (6,500 to 23,000 ft) at mid-latitudes, and 2,000 to 2,600 meters (6,500 to 25,000 ft) at the tropics.  High clouds have base heights of 3,000 to 7,600 meters (10,000 to 25,000 ft) in polar regions, 5,000 to 12,200 meters (16,500 to 40,000 ft) in temperate regions, and 6,100 to 18,300 meters (20,000 to 60,000 ft) in the tropical region. Cloud ceiling is measured using a  weather instrument  known as a ceilometer. Ceilometers work by sending out an intense laser beam of light into the sky. As the laser travels through the air, it encounters cloud droplets and is scattered back to the receiver on the ground which then calculates the distance (i.e., the height of the cloud base) from the strength of the return signal. Cloud Thickness and Depth Cloud height, also known as cloud thickness or cloud depth is the distance between a clouds base, or bottom, and its top. It isnt measured directly but rather is calculated by subtracting the altitude of its top from that of its base.   Cloud thickness isnt just some arbitrary thing -- its actually related to how much precipitation a cloud is capable of producing. The thicker the cloud, the heavier the precipitation that falls from it. For example,  cumulonimbus clouds, which are among the deepest clouds, are known for their thunderstorms and heavy downpours whereas very thin clouds (like cirrus) dont generate any precipitation at all.    More: How cloudy is partly cloudy? METAR Reporting Cloud ceiling is an important weather condition for aviation safety. Because it affects visibility, it determines whether pilots can use Visual Flight Rules (VFR) or must follow Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) instead. For this reason, it is reported in METAR (METeorological Aviation Reports) but only when  sky conditions are broken, overcast, or obscured.

Student At Risk And With Disabilities - 1400 Words

STUDENT AT RISK AND WITH DISABILITIES Recently, CAI has become an acceptable instructional strategy to provide several academic outcomes for at-risk students and those with disabilities. Even though there has been research on the effects and implications of CAI on students without disabilities, there is limited research evidence about the effects of CAI on students with disabilities. Ross et al., (1991) assessed the effects of CAI on students’ attitudes toward school, grades, computer skills, standardized test scores, and teacher evaluations using the Apple Classroom of Tomorrow (ACOT) program. Subjects were at-risk seventh grade students. Results showed that the CAI group was successful in math and reading compared to the control group. However, they reported that some academic achievements were lost and students remained at risk because of lack of on-going computer use and limited access to computer lab after the two- year experiment. Considering the importance of time and o n-task behaviors in CAI, Salerno (1995) examined the mathematics achievements of at-risk fifth graders. In this study, students were randomly assigned to three groups: extended computer time; extended time on-task, and control group. All students participated in CAI, but the extended time computer group used an extra 60 minutes per week with CAI, and the extended time on-task group used special workbooks with an equal amount of instructional time independently. The study’s author used ANOVA toShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Students From Special Education1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe study also implies that all African American students are less likely than their European American colleagues to be withdrawn from special education. These African American students may exhibit lower achievement gains while in special education, according to the U.S. Department of Education, 2004 (Banks, J. j., Hughes, M. S. 2013). In 2006, the U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights reported that African American students represent 17.13% of the total public school populationRead MoreThe Number Of Youth s With Disabilities876 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Number of Youth’s with Disabilities has Increased Over the years† Youth with disability behavior increase widely over years. Research has proven children with disability have alcohol and drug problem. The issue with youths with disability they have abundant amount of access to drug rather its prescription or illicit.Special education programs reported higher alcohol and substance use than the students not involved in such programs. Disability students has a significantly higher useRead MoreLearning Disabilities Are The Most Predominant Type Of Disability962 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber of students with disabilities continues to rise, there is still evidence that shows learning disabilities are the most predominant type of disability. â€Å"Slightly fewer than half of all students with disabilities have specific learning disabilities.† (Turnbull, 2013, pg. 106) Because learning disabilities continue to be the predominate disability, it is important that teachers understand the characteristics of learning disabilities and how to acco mmodate for this specific group of students. ThisRead MoreBullying Those with Special Needs and Disabilities Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagesmust be aggressive and include an intentional act to hurt or harm someone, an imbalance of power and repetition† (Lohmann). However defined, bullying is ugly and hurtful and cruel and should be taken very seriously. Children with disabilities are at an even greater risk of being bullied, and it is not only ugly, hurtful and cruel, it is against the law and all steps necessary to eliminate bullying in this population ought to be taken. Bullying occurs in many different ways. Physical abuse can includeRead MoreMy Reading On Reading Disabilities, And The Impact That They Have On Students Education1741 Words   |  7 Pages I wanted to learn more about reading disabilities, and the impact that they have on students’ education. I was lucky that my reading problems did not impact my education, and I was able to read very well. Reading is one of the most important skills that students learn in school. Being able to reading is paramount to student’s success throughout school and life. It is estimated that 10% to 15% of school aged children have some form of a reading disability. Reading is a complex task involving decodingRead MoreThe Children Left Behind788 Words   |  3 Pages1) Learning disability is a worldwide problem affecting over 2.4 million children in the United States alone. All types of communities are afflicted by learning disabilities causing problems, but it seems children in urban areas struggle the most, as those schools generally don’t provide extra help. Disabilities like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, and dyscalculia are issues you can see by looking at someone, and are often overlooked by schools in at risk neighborhoodsRead MoreInforming People About Reading Disability993 Words   |  4 PagesInforming People about Reading Disability Curtiss, S. L., et al. Bringing Instructional Strategies Home: Reaching Families Online . Teaching Exceptional Children January/February 2016: 160-167. Curtiss et al. (2016) express how the collaboration of teachers and parents is difficult because of the overlap between parent and teacher work schedules. The authors detail how instructors can provide online learning support for parents who support child with limited expressive communication. They highlightRead MoreChildren With Learning Disabilities Are Inherently At Risk876 Words   |  4 PagesChildren with learning disabilities are a population who are inherently at risk. They are at risk of not being able to utilize the presented curriculum, as their non-disabled peers do. They are also at risk of suffering from emotional stress and or low self-efficacy as they negotiate classrooms assignments and expectations. Our Exceptional Children text states that children with learning disabilities, â€Å"†¦ often struggle with reasoning, attention, memory, selecting and focusing on relevant stimuliRead MoreThe Impact Of School Policies And Analysis Strategies1177 Words   |  5 Pagessuspending and expelling students. The subsequent trends in punitive policy enforcement are conspicuous in a great number of states. â€Å"The national number of suspensions has increased from approximately 1.7 million in 1974 to more than 3.3 million in 2006. More recently, during the 2009–2010 school year, a reported 3,081,240.55 children were suspended at least once. With reference to expulsions nationally, in 2006 the Department of Education projected that approximately 102,077 students are expelled fromRead MoreThe Effects Of Dyslexia On Children With Dyslexia Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pages Many learning disabilities world-wide are over-looked if a child doesn’t learn at the rate of the other children, but a teacher might assume that the student is mentally challenged. That might not be the case. Students world-wide struggle with the learning disability known as dyslexia. Dyslexia is known for the way it twists words and numbers in ones’ head. It’s almost as if the persons’ mind is playing a trick on itself. The person might read the text backward or even say his or her thoughts backwards

Downfall of Education System was No School Prayer - 649 Words

â€Å"Since prayer was removed from public school classrooms in 1962, we have had a 6-fold increase in violent crime, our divorce rate has tripled,births to single mothers have increased 5-fold, the teenage suicide rate has tripled, and SAT scores have dropped 10%.(Creation Today). Reasons that represent why prayer and moments of silence should be allowed in the public school system will be expressed. This essay will represent the affirmative stance when regarding this topic of school wide prayer and moments of silence. It is not coincidental that there has been an increase in births to single mothers, divorce rates tripling, and teenage suicide increasing. Allowing prayer in schools has set valuable standards and morals for graduates and current pupils. Currently ninety percent of the countries kids are enrolled in the public school system being influenced every single day they are present. Proven by previously mentioned statistics, the majority of morals clearly dropped after the removal of prayer in public schools in 1962. Without prayer, people have become more and more obliterate to God-based values, this causes people to neglect crucial things such as the sacredness of marriage. â€Å"After 1963 divorces increased by 300% each following year†(Prayer in America) Many argue and take to the opposition that marriage is just a piece of paper, when in all generality, it is a gift from God. Single mothers, sexually transmitted diseases, divorces, violent crimes, and teen suicideShow MoreRel ated Prayer in School Essay2335 Words   |  10 PagesPrayer in School As the bell rings you walk through the lunchroom doors. It seems just like any ordinary day. You smelled the mystery lunch as soon as you walked in, you fought your way into the lunch line, and you saw the principal escorting some troublemaking kids from their tables. But wait, those kids werent the usual trouble makers. They were the kids that always follow the rules and even pray before lunch. Was this some kind of alternate universe? No, they were actually in troubleRead MoreSocial Recognition Issues of the Sioux Tribe Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagespeople who opposed the idea of accepting Native Americans into modern society. Due to the social isolationism, whether or not the Sioux Tribe would want it or not; the tribe experiences poverty and unemployment causing the people to have economical downfalls as they travel deeper into a spiraling depression. The Sioux tribe also deals with radicals who oppose any type of rights to be reserved for Native Americans, some will go as far as to push Natives, such as the Sioux tribe from their own sacred,Read MoreNursing : An Essay About Nursing1467 Words   |  6 Pagesknows somebody that is a nurse, but do they really know what they do or how they started? Have you ever wondered how nursing even started? The education of nursing began about 150 years ago. The first 100 years nursing education took place in hospital based and hospital owned schools. In the late 1940s there were about 1100 hospital owned schools in all the United States. Now there are only about a dozen or so in all the United States and none In Canada Nursing is a well-respected professionRead MoreCivil War : A Great Amount Of Tragedy For Over 20 Years1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Somalis have suffered a great amount of tragedy for over 20 years. The ongoing Civil War has nearly decimated their culture, people, and belief systems. After the downfall of the Barre Regime, the disagreement on a replacement leader made the country completely ungoverned and lawless (Castel Kurata, 2004). War-lords and criminals have pushed to gain leadership, creating border-disputes and anarchy, causing over 400,000 Somali casualties (Castel Kurata, 2004). With no economic stability, it sRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Story Of Mustafa Saeed 1554 Words   |  7 Pagescentury and left these nations in broken social and political structures upon their departure. The fate of the three women, Ann Hammond, Sheila Greenwood, and Isabella Seymour almost parallel the same predicaments these colonies went through. Mustafa was only concerned with enticing women into his bed and looking for new preys afterwards, leaving the women he seduces with broken hearts that are so detrimental to their existence, so incompatible with their livelihoods that would eventually lead to theirRead MoreNative American Civilization : The Aztec, Or Mexicas Essay3157 Words   |  13 PagesOne of the first societies to ever mandate education was the Aztec, or Mexicas, which allowed children of any social stature to be educated, ^ possible input in of a dash rather than a comma including slave children. It is hard to imagine that this grand empire is highly associated with their practices in h uman sacrifice. When the Spanish invaded and took over, many believed that the Aztecs will killed ^were killed by this ^the Spanish conquest, but ^;but, the truth is that illnesses brought by theRead MoreAlternative Medicine Vs Conventional Medicine2715 Words   |  11 Pages...............................................................3 The history of Alternative medicines and practices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 Benefits of Alternative Medicine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Downfalls of Alternative Medicine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Benefits of Conventional Medicine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 Downfalls of Conventional Medicine†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Prices for Conventional Healthcare†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...9 Prices for Alternative Healthcare†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreCharles I, Louis Xiv, And Peter The Great1755 Words   |  8 PagesIn the latter half of the 1600 s, monarchial systems of both England and France were changing. Three royal figure throughout history who all tried to establish a role of absolutism in their societies all of them had varying factors with the greatest success from least to greatest being Charles I, Louis XIV, and Peter the Great. Absolutism is a form of government where a king or queen rules with unrestricted powers. They are often followed in heredity by passing on the leadership through bloodlinesRead MoreKoranic Laws Give Any Of Emancipation For Women3033 Words   |  13 Pagescustody of children and education. One of the principles of Islam is to give due importance to the n ewborn, boy or girl. The father is required to guarantee his children their livelihood dice). The right of education. Knowledge occupies a prominent place among the principles of Islam. It is an obligation for every Muslim and Muslim learn and know [...] God will exalt those of you who believe and those who have been granted knowledge [...] Qur an 58/11. Thus, the education and instruction of womenRead MoreMachiavelli: The Renaissance’s Anti-Humanist2452 Words   |  10 Pagesunder the parents of Bernardo di Niccolà ² di Buoninsegna and Bartolomea de’Nelli, Niccolà ² de Bernardo Machiavelli was exposed to numerous books covering law and Classical texts in his youth, which he consequently learned to reject even before entering in Florentine politics.2 A self-taught intellectual like his father Bernardo, Machiavelli began studies in Latin at age seven. Although he was well-learned in the language by his young adulthood, he quickly refused to write his treatises in either Latin

Poverty in America free essay sample

Poverty. Poverty has many definitions depending on the type of different people in this society. It can range anywhere from not being able to pay bills to not being able to feed a family and not having a place to live. Although, according to the definition found on dictionary. com, it articulates that poverty means the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; condition of being poor. Two motivated authors, Muhammad Yunus and Lucy Lameck, wrote two different short stories in the book â€Å"Reading the World: Ideas that Matter† that have inspired me to write this essay on the poverty and social class in third world countries. The first story is â€Å"Africans Are Not Poor† by Lucy Lameck. The reason I chose this particular story is because she goes into detail about how these people live and struggle to survive. Lameck chose to write about the Tanzanians because as a young adult she was an activist in the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). People with a substantial amount of money do not have to apply for government assistance such as food stamps or unemployment benefits. These also have things like insurance and healthcare to help them along as problems arise in life. People living in poverty do not get that luxury in insurance which gives them a sense of depreciated of self-worth. Because of this, it may be difficult to present themselves in a professional manner when searching for employment. America considers people who make less than 10,500 dollars a year, are a large part of why we have arrived at this dilemma due to the recent recession that has occurred. A lot of people go to desperate measures to provide food and other basic need for their families. For example many women become victims of trafficking, the most common form of which is prostitution as a means of survival for this economic desperation. Terrible living conditions can often compel children to abandon school in order to contribute to the family income, putting them at risk of being exploited too. This also causes many people that have lost their jobs and are making a fraction of what they are used to making for the job duties they are doing. People now work late past the time they are required to finish their daily task plus other extra work load because their coworker got let go due to the fact that their employer can not afford to pay both of their salaries. These same people now rely on unemployment checks and other government assistance programs to support their families and basic needs. It is estimated that one out of every seven houses have been taken by the banks in the last ten years alone. Because of this, America is seeing an all new kind of poverty. The middle class is slipping from steady ground and down to the bottom. People that used to make a decent living can no longer compete with this new economy. Poverty in todays society has become a major issue and it affects more people than we think. People are losing jobs and cannot help it. In this economy we live in today it is very hard to make money and provide for our families. These people cannot get all of the help they need because some people are just working the system, so they either get rejected or reject the fact they need because they do not want to categorized with those people. An example, from where Im from I use to be a cashier at Kroger for two years and so many people on food stamps and the WIC program (Women Infants Children) would come in to buy food and have iPhones and Coach Purses or even keys for Mercedes and if you have any of those thing you do not have your properties in order. This is just not fair for those people that are in dire need for food and using these programs the way they are supposed to be used for. And that is why it’s hard for normal people who work so hard for their money and still do not make enough to provide and the need for a helping hand in food programs such as these. With all this being said, people need to look into the Baptist Faith it is taught that all Christians will go through times of suffering and one of these suffering phases we go through is poverty. Many people now a days seem to be faithful to the church until they become unemployed or fall on hard times financially, and instead of looking to God they tend to blame him. God does not make bad things happen, it is not his plans to harm us but protect from the evil that is causing the suffering. I agree with the Baptist Faith on their view towards poverty. Furthermore, I believe if more people just trusted in God more faithfully and I know it is easier said than done but it would help many peoples walk with the Lord on the right path and further it.

Ap Penny Essay free essay sample

â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† was written by Mark Twain. He wrote the book to show some of the manger issues in the 1800’s. Mark Twain uses a lot of satire and irony in the story to get his point though better. Some of the issues in that time were slavery and the judgment of your race or skin color. Mark Twain shows these issues though the eyes of Huck Finn sometime children may have better heart then the elders. Throughout the novel Mark Twain uses satire to mock many different aspects of the modern world or modern life. A good example would be when satire was used throughout the idea of the family feud, The Shepardsons and Grangerfords. A pair of feuding families no one could even remember why they were fighting or hated each other so much. There is no point on fighting if one can’t remember why but they keep on going guess it runs until the end of one family. We will write a custom essay sample on Ap Penny Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This feud is said to compare to one particular feud during the same time period between two families, the Hatfields and the McCoys. These two families had a huge feud that lasted for many years. There is a great deal of pain between both families that they can’t let go but there is no real reason of why they were fighting in the first place. The feud will go on it is a part of human nature. Mark Twain wrote about a boy, Huck Finn a young boy with a dream of freedom and adventure. Huck is under the care of Mrs. Watson who wants to teach him how life would be lived. She wants him to be modern like her but Huck is nothing like that but then he was taken from her by his father, an old drunk man that can’t live without beer in his system. Huck is so badly treated by his father that he fakes his own death to get away from his father and runs off to Jackson Island. Once on Jackson Island he meets a man, Jim a runaway slave from him town. Then they began a wonderful friendship. Mark Twain uses many different rhetorical devices in his story; one that he uses is symbolism. The story mostly takes place in the Mississippi river where Huck Finn and Jim ride on a raft. Mark Twain shows symbolism throughout Mrs. Watson, Jim, and the Mississippi river. Jim symbolizes all the slaves, Mississippi River symbolizes freedom, and Mrs. Watson symbolizes the way all white people thought in that time period. Mark Twain uses dialect throughout â€Å"the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn† is very effective; it helps to move us through the story and the emotions. An example would how Mark Twain uses the word â€Å"nigger† throughout the novel, he does not mean it purely in a racist way, since it was the term used to mean â€Å"black person†. Satiric irony is used as well in the story an example would when the steam boat explosion; Aunt Sally asks Huck, â€Å"Good gracious! Anybody hurt? † and Huck says, No’s. Killed a nigger. Aunt sally responds, we’ll its lucky; because sometimes people do get hurt. Obviously, Aunt Sally does not think Blacks are people. They are simply property to her. Aunt Sally believes she is talking to her nephew Tom but in reality it is Huck which makes the irony of the situation stronger because she is supposed to be talking to a family member and setting a good example. Mark Twain shows people who they really are. He uses many things in his novel he used symbolism, dialect, and satire. To show a different perspective about society and struggles differences and similarities; and right from wrong. Mark Twain appeals this to the many readers who agree. Mark Twain shows his readers how life was and how it could have stayed if we didn’t learn how to be more human. We human tended to learn thing the hard way.

Operating System Security

Question: Discuss about operating system authentication strategies, attack strategies and techniques and security measures techniques? Answer: Introduction A computer system comprises of hardware, software and processes that is a kind of abstraction of a real business or process model that exists in the world. These systems are used by humans that belong to a system that is outside this computer system. Thus, computer systems use an abstract concept to identify them and they are presented as a user account. This user account acts as an object that has multiple attributes ranging from a login ID to security identifier. Security involves prevention of unauthorized people or entities from accessing systems. It is established to maintain the confidentiality of data, integrity of the same and assuring timely availability of information to authorized people or entities. Background The operating systems play a crucial role in any network as it interacts with multiple devices and machines over a network such that it allocates resources for performing all operations involving these devices as well as involving internal system. These resources include CPU, drive memory, communication ports, and drivers and so on. Moreover, all the applications runover an operating system and use its resources and thus, security of operating system is of prime importance to any security breach or issue can affect all applications running on an operating system. Moreover, a break into one application by a hacker can also cause breaches of security in other applications running on the operating system if the operating system is severely affected(Yang, 2003). To understand how a security system can protect unauthorized users from entering an operating system, it would be essential to understand the process of authentication that is used by operating systems. Moreover, there would also be required an understanding of how attacks may happen over an operating system by unauthorized users if security measures have to be taken. Lastly, security measures and techniques can be studied to understand how they stop or prevent attached in the case of real operating system protection. Thus, in this report, the critical analyzes would be followed in a stepwise manner beginning with the understanding of the Authorization strategies used for protection of operating systems, attack techniques used by unauthorized users for penetrating operating system and the strategies that are used for protection by security providers. Critical Analysis Operating System Authentication Strategies Authentication for humans can be based on five criteria that include something they know such as password or PIN, something they have such as token number, something they do such that they can be asked to perform certain actions to be able to authorize themselves, something they are such as biometric identification and where they are by identification of location. Something they know: This method of authentication is very commonly used, and the authentication passwords are easy to guess making the system vulnerable to unauthorized access. Traditionally passwords used plaintext that was very easy to crack but today systems use stored hashed. However, some of the authentication schemes such as challenge and response still need plaintext. A usual hashed authentication process would involve storage of pass word as a function f(PW) where f cannot be inverted. When a user enters a password, PW, f(PW) is calculated and compared for authentication. For prevention of pre-computation attacks, random salt is added while changing password such that the function stored is salt, f(PW,salt). Further, access control systems are used by operating systems to protect these hashed passwords. However, hackers can still run password guessing programs even in case challenge/response approach is used. Something they have: In such cases, a challenge is thrown to the users having secret cryptographic key for specific time and day often in combination with a PIN such that the user can be guarded against loss or theft of confidential data. Something they do: The users are asked to perform an action that can be used to identify them as humans to ensure that is not the malicious code trying to spoof in the system. User of two-factor authentication, captcha, one-time password generation are some of the examples of such approaches. Something they are: Biometric identification methods such as Fingerprint readers and iris scans work best when they are stored locally as otherwise they can face scenarios of false positive or false negative and user can become a victim of spoofing attacks. Somewhere they are: A user can be identified as per the location such that if the location from where user logs into a system is other than the usual location, the login attempts can either be prevented, or user can be warned about possible attacks such as done in cases of email accounts such as provided by Google. Attack Strategies and Techniques There can be several types of attack strategies that can be used for penetrating operating systems. Trojan horses, login spoofing and use of buggy software are some of the very common techniques used by attackers. Trojan Horses: Trojan horses trick users to run programs that have obnoxious codes. These programs may include viruses and worms, and when they are run by a users, they can change file permissions. Login Spoofing: In login spoofing, a fake prompt asking for credentials and if the same are entered, ID and passwords can be obtained by hackers from users. Computer Virus: It is a program containing malicious code that has the capability to copy itself in a system without permission using deception strategies such as overwriting of genuine files, acting companion to an EXE file, appending code to EXE files such as done by Vienna virus, insertion of malicious code at the start of a program, filling code into an empty space without affecting original program such as done by Lehigh virus, compression of host content such as done by Whales virus, boot sector virus, macro virus running on specific applications such as Microsoft Word, and so on. Security Measures techniques There are several security measures taken, and many of these are targeted to prevent specific types of attacks. For instance, to protect a Trojan Horse program to affect an operating system, operating systems provide Sandboxes, which is an environment in which a program can be executed without affecting rest of the machine that is used. Another trick is having a very limited interaction with the operating system and the outside world, but it can be very difficult to follow in many cases. For preventing login spoofing, trusted paths are used with a user initiated sequence that can guarantee that right operating system is reached out. Military Classification Model Blocking executable is another strategy that is commonly used for preventing unauthorized software runs. However, this causes issues when one tries to run executable files for fixing bugs. In such cases, certified systems make use of Military Classification Model, which define security levels such that every document can be classified as belonging to a certain level with each level being given a set of clearances. One can view only those documents that have these clearances. These classifications identify documents as confidential, secret, top secret and can compartmentalize the same into Crypto, Subs or NoForns. Clearances have to be obtained for each compartment to be able to view files. Systems using such classification schemes for documents security are called multi-level security systems(CS, 2015). Discretionary Access Control As per US government, Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria is used for operating system security assurance which requires operating systems to use Discretionary Access Control (DAC). This to some extent provides protection to the system in a time-sharing environment or in case of multi-tasking thereby protecting operating system mainstream. However, this does not guarantee protection of individual applications that run on the operating system. A B Class level of security is mandatory in the case of use of Mandatory Access Control (MAC), but the benefit of the same cannot be drawn upon in the systems using DAC efficiently. Preventive Measures In 2009, an investigation was done by DSD on targeted cyber intrusions and with the preventive mechanisms studied, in 2010, Australian Defense Signals Doctorate (DSD) list was published with 35 mitigation strategies identified, out of which top key measures of prevention including patch updating of operating system, patching of third-party applications, restricting of admin privileges to regular users, and use of only white-listed applications. When white-listing is implemented, it makes it difficult for the intruder to compromise a communication and information system as it ensures that only authorized applications are allowed to run on a system thereby preventing applications with malicious codes from running. Before operating system security can be established and patches are properly upgraded as required, risks have to be assessed, and a system deployment plan has to be created. System security planning process may be used for preventing operating systems. A proper planning proce ss may be used for ensuring complete safety through identification of critical content to be secured, use of network protection mechanisms and use of appropriate processes for maintenance of the operating system security(Australian Government, 2012). The first step in securing a system as used by major organizations or security officials is system hardening which involves installation of operating system and its patches. Further, operating system would be hardened and configured. Further additional security controls such as firewalls, anti-virus and intrusion detection systems can be installed for further hardening of security of operating system. Initially, there were various detection systems used for identifying patterns of virus activities such as string scan, mismatch detection, wildcards, bookmarking, smart scan, skeleton detection, specific virus detection and heuristics. However, only the use of security systems is not sufficient unless they are tested for their capability to address security needs of an operating system. Moreover, detection methods can only be useful in the cases of known viruses such that they are required to be frequently updated to remain effective for new cases of attacks. Also, detection of metamorp hic viruses that know antivirus loopholes can be difficult to detect by static and dynamic techniques of anomaly detection and thus new approaches are required to be explored(Daoud, Jebril, Zaqaibeh, 2008). Encryption Technology Encryption is used for securing data that is in transit and to be able to use encryption on data; appropriate cryptographic keys have to be created, signed, secured and configured. In case of IPSec and TLS, appropriate private keys are also generated, and if SSH is used then server and client keys are created. Security Maintenance Security establishment is the first step but it is not sufficient to keep operating system secure in the long run for which security is also required to be maintained for the system for which certain mechanism may be used such as monitoring and analysis of logging information, regular backups, security recovery, security system testing, and use of maintenance through patches and updates for monitoring and revision of configuration. Process Homeostasis Modern computer systems face several challenges including data loss, server hacking, system crashes and so on. Most of these issues result from the abnormal behavior of systems or program. Homeostasis is a technique used by Linux 2.2 kernel that can be used for detection of unusual behavior of a program through the study of short sequences of system calls. Unusual behavior can be in the form of system slow down and delays. Unusual program behavior can lead to set of symptoms such as data corruption, security isolation, crashes, but there are no inbuilt in mechanisms in an operating system that can respond to such anomalies and thus, for this a system called pH or Process Homeostasis based on the structure of biological system have been tested. There is a rise in complexities with increasing data shared through internet and network connections leading to additional and new security issues making systems vulnerable to crashes. Unlike an isolated system, a networked system cannot remain consistent over time but changes frequently. Thus, monitoring and keeping track of activities happening in an operating system that is connected to the network can be crucial for understanding and identifying vulnerabilities and attacks. In such cases, a program is used for identifying legal behavior as well as unusual events that result into issues such as communication failures and invalidation of data with rarely used codes getting executed. In this approach, detectors are developed for recognizing explicit behavior or a program through data streams scanning such that attack signatures can be identified. However, this approach also has its limitations as it is difficult to identify all types of behavior when a program can malfunction. Also, such programs are required to be regularly upgraded to be able to detect new anomalies. Detection and learning of unusual and normal program behavior can enhance the security of an operating system. In homeostasis, several types of detectors and effectors are used for creating a stable environment of an operating system. Conclusion The paper discussed various security and control measures that could be used for attaining and maintaining security for an operating system. It was found that to have an efficient security system; a proper security planning process can be used beginning with operating system hardening which involves upgrading of system and installation of patches followed by installation of additional security measures such as firewall systems, intrusion detection, and anti-virus applications. Moreover, some innovative and new techniques like homeostasis can also be used for prevention of attacks on operating systems. The choice of appropriate method would not be possible without the study of actual system and the content that needs to be protected as well as the programs or applications that would be run on the system. References Australian Government. (2012). Top four mitigation strategies to protect your ICT system. Australian Government. Bosworth, S. and Kabay, M. (2002).Computer security handbook. New York: John Wiley Sons. (2015). Security and Operating Systems. Columbia: CS. Daoud, E. A., Jebril, I. H., Zaqaibeh, B. (2008). Computer Virus Strategies and Detection Methods. Int. J. Open Problems Compt. Math , 29-36. Finzel, T. (1992). Trends in Operating System Security.Information Systems Security, 1(1), pp.50-57. Franklin, I. (2001). Securing the Operating System.Network Security, 2001(5), pp.12-13. Franklin, I. (2001). Securing the Operating System.Network Security, 2001(5), pp.12-13. Hopkins, P. (2015). Operating System Security.Engineering Technology Reference. Irtegov, D. (2003).Operating system fundamentals. Hingham, Mass.: Charles River Media. Ning, P., Xu, D. (2003). Learning Attack Strategies from Intrusion Alerts. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University. Post, G. (1987). Improving operating system security.Computers Security, 6(5), pp.417-425. Silberschatz, A., Galvin, P. and Gagne, G. (2005).Operating system concepts. Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley Sons. Vacca, J. (2014).Network and system security. Amsterdam: Syngress. Yang, C.-Q. (2003). Global Information Assurance Certification Paper. SANS Institute.

Why Businesses Should Use Myspace - The Writers For Hire

WHY BUSINESSES SHOULD USE MYSPACE Principles that have traditionally been used for search engine optimization are now being applied to a new wave of internet marketing techniques – social media optimization, or SMO. That’s using things like Myspace, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook. But aren’t networks like Myspace only for the Generation Nexters? The typical Myspace encompasses a broad demographic, since Myspace is still currently the big kahuna of social networks. Should businesses use this Myspace thing after all, or just forget it? The answer is definitely yes, especially if you already have a social media marketing campaign underway and you have a little time to dedicate to updating your profiles. Companies who feel that they don’t have enough time for Myspace, or that there isn’t a need for a business profile on Myspace should consider the following: 1. Word of Mouth Any business revolves around one thing: relations. Today, most companies operate using traditional modes of communication, mainly telephones and email. And Myspace can be used as just another mode of communication to link with current, past, and potential customers. With Myspace, you build your community by adding friends. And then their friends can link to your profile as well. Features like bulletins are used in the same way as email – only it blankets your entire â€Å"friend† base at once. For instance, you can post a bulletin about a current promotion and have it appear on your entire community’s homepage as soon as they log in. By providing content that is entertaining and useful, you can start connecting and building relationships with clients using new, internet-based communication tools. 2. Search Engine Optimization Search engines pick up Myspace pages – what better way to multiply your internet presence by having an page, in addition to your website, where users can go and check out your business. 3. Pictures and Video Engage your target audience by uploading pictures of yourself, your offices, your products, your logo, and even printable coupons or whatever you feel is relevant – it will give your audience a better understanding of who you are and what you can offer. There’s also an option for you to upload video to your page. Myspace videos can become viral, meaning that if one user likes it, they recommend it to their friends, and then their friends’ friends, and so on. 4. Company Overview Your Myspace profile is an extension of your business. You can customize your profile to match your company’s colors, and give users a detailed overview of your company and your product offerings. Having your business on Myspace allows you to market your brand to over 100 million current users. Ultimately, the decision is yours: Only you know your business’ specific needs and your specific client demographic. Myspace may or may not be the right fit. For more reading about Social Media Optimization and to determine if Myspace is right for your business, check out Associate Content’s article, Using Myspace to Promote a Company’s Visibility.

Diversity Training and Promotion among Learners in Class

Promotion of diversity is an essential step towards efficient learning (Ehevarria Graves, 2007). By introducing diversity to class, teachers not only promote a better understanding of specific cultures among learners, but also foster a range of essential qualities in students, such as tolerance and cultural awareness.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Diversity Training and Promotion among Learners in Class specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Seeing that the setting, in which Karen works, does not involve significant diversity, it can be assumed that the program suggested by her should be supported as an efficient tool in enhancing diversity within the educational setting in question. In order to encourage Eric to include the activity into the curriculum, Kara should discuss the significance of diversity with him, putting a very strong emphasis on the role of diversity in education. Although the importance of in troducing diversity into the classroom is often underrated, students, in fact, need multicultural elements in order to acquire new skills and excel in their studies. The above-mentioned issue is especially topical in the environment of the 21st century, when globalism has predetermined the phenomenon known as culture fusion. Eric must be convinced that the silent attitude of ISL learners is far from being an adequate response to the teacher’s assignments and that second language learners need support in order to comply with the requirements set in modern educational establishments. Therefore, a meaningful discussion must be carried out with Eric to persuade him to take up the course and promote multiculturalism among his peers.  The above-mentioned courses will help learners not only communicate with the representatives of other cultures in a more efficient manner but also acquire new information and process it faster and more efficiently. Indeed, recent studies have shown that an increase in diversity rates affects the quality and speed of data acquisition and skills training in students. The above-mentioned phenomenon can be explained by the fact that diversity promotes the skill of viewing a specific problem from various angles and approaching it from several perspectives. By viewing a certain issue from the perspectives of different cultures, a learner will be able to develop a critical approach towards specific issues, therefore, gaining new experience and making an academic progress.  Last, but definitely not least, the issue of oppression deserves to be mentioned.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unfortunately, the issue of racial and ethnic discrimination remains a sad yet integral part of modern reality, and educational institutions are no exception to the above-mentioned rule. As Kara pointed out in the case study, the instances of racia l discrimination, as well as any type of profiling based on cultural difference, is not a rare occurrence in the institution in question. Herein the need to introduce students to the concept of diversity lies; it is essential that students should be able to treat each other equally and that the relationships between the students and the teachers, as well as among the students of different ethnic backgrounds, should be based on the principles of equity (Wilson Horsford, 2013). In order to encourage students to accept other cultures and treat the representatives thereof with polite curiosity instead of enmity, Kara will need to promote the program that she has designed and engage the learners into it. Thus, the grounds for mutual understanding will be created and further conflicts will be prevented. In addition, diversity will enhance the learning process by providing support for ESL students and encouraging teachers to use appropriate strategies for teaching students from diverse ba ckgrounds. Reference List Ehevarria, J. Graves, A. W. (2007). Sheltered content instruction: Teaching English-language learners with diverse abilities. Retrieved from http://www.tesl-ej.org/wordpress/issues/volume4/ej14/ej14r7/ Wilson, C. M. Horsford, S. D. (2013). Advancing equity and achievement in America’s diverse schools: Inclusive theories, policies, and practices. Fairfax, VA: George Mason University. This assessment on Diversity Training and Promotion among Learners in Class was written and submitted by user Travis Golden to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication

The Best Multiplication Table + 9 Tips for Easy Multiplication SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Whether you're planning to take the SAT soon or just want tobrush up on your basic math skills, knowing your times tables and multiples is a vital part of understanding math. Here, we give you free printable multiplication table PDFs and go over the nine rules you should know about multiplication. Multiplication Table 12 x 12 Below is a 12 x 12 multiplication chart showing all multiples of the numbers 0-12. To use this chart, look for the two numbers youwant to multiply together on the top row and in the leftmost column, and then find the box that connects these two numbers together. For example, if you’re trying to find the product of 7 and 5, you'd look for 7 in the leftmost column and 5 in the top row, and then see where these two meet in the middle (35). (You can also look for 7 in the top row and 5 in the left column- as we’ll explain, the order in which you multiply doesn’t actually matter!) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 3 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 6 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 8 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 9 0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 11 0 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 12 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 We also offer two free printable PDFs of this 12 x 12 multiplication chart. The first table is in portrait mode,andthe second table is in landscape mode. Click the thumbnail for the version of the multiplication table you’d like to print out: There are many ways you can use this multiplication table to your advantage. If you’re in high school and planning to take the SAT or ACT soon, you can use this chart to help you remember basic multiplication pairs and multiples likely to come up on the SAT or ACT Math sections. Being able to quicklydo mental math on tricky problems involving multiplication can effectively reduce the time you spend attempting to solve the problem. This chart will also teach you to avoid relying too much on your calculator on the SAT/ACT Math sections. We recommend printing out a copy of this multiplication table and either hanging it up by your desk or study areaor placing it in your binder for school so you can refer to it often to help you memorize the most common multiples. Time to turn on your brain! 9 Fundamental Rules for Remembering Multiples As you use the multiplication table above, make sure you know all the basic rules for remembering multiples and how they work. Below, we go over the most common multiplication rules you should have memorized. Rule 1: Order Doesn’t Matter in Multiplication If all you’re doing is multiplying two or more numbers together- and aren’t doing any other math function such as adding, subtracting, or dividing- then the actual order of those numbers doesn’t matter. In other words, 8 x 4 is the same exact problem as 4 x 8 (both equal 32). This rule also works if you’re multiplying more than two numbers together. For example, 2 x 3 x 4 can be written as 2 x 4 x 3, 3 x 4 x 2, etc. Regardless of the order of the numbers being multiplied, this equation will always come out to 24. This means that with the multiplication chart above, you may look for numbers in either the top row or the leftmost column. It doesn’t matter whether you’re connecting the 8 in the top row and the 4 in the left column, or the 8 in the left column and the 4 in the top row. Both ways will give you the same answer of 32. Note, however, that the order doesmatter when you’re doing more than just multiplying numbers together.For example, if you’re multiplying and adding numbers in a problem, you’ll need to follow the order of operations to solve it correctly. Many people use the acronym PEMDAS (parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, subtraction) to help them recall the correct order in which they must perform calculations to solve a math problem. An easy way toremember this acronym is with the phrase, "Please excuse my dear Aunt Sally." Rule 2: All Multiples of Even Numbers Are Even No matter which even number you choose- whether it’s as low as 2 or as high as 33,809,236- all multiples of even numbers will always be even as well. Don’t believe me? Just look back at the multiplication table above. If you look at the column under 6, for example, you’ll see that all multiples of 6 are, in fact, even numbers! These multiples include 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, etc. A number is even if the digit in the ones place is even (in other words, if it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8). This rule works because whenever you multiply an even number by another even number or by an odd number, the product will always be even.Here are the formulas that illustrate this: even x even = even even x odd = even Rule 3: All Multiples of Odd Numbers Follow an Even-Odd Pattern Unlike Rule 2, all multiples of odd numbers aren’t, in fact, odd! Rather,multiples of odd numbers will always follow an even-odd pattern. What do I mean by this? Let’s look at an example. Take the odd number 7. Below are the multiples of 7. Each multiple has been highlighted in either yellow (even) or blue (odd): 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 As you can see, the multiples of 7, an odd number, follow a clear pattern of even, odd, even, odd, and so on. This pattern works because of a fundamental rule in math: an odd number multiplied by an even number will always be even, but an odd number multiplied by an odd number will always be odd. Here are the formulas to help you remember this concept: odd x even = even odd x odd = odd Nature has patterns just like math does. Rule 4: The Only Multiple of 0 Is 0 As you likely noticed in the multiplication chart above, any time you multiply 0 by a number- whether that number is 5, 0.0004758, or 6,783,390,391- the product will always equal 0. Basically, since any number times 0 is equal to 0, all multiples of 0 are therefore 0 as well. Rule 5: A Multiple of 1 Always Equals the Number Being Multiplied Whenever a number- no matter how small or big it might be- is multiplied by 1, the answer will be equal to the original number you started with. For example, 9 x 1 = 9.And 12,351 x 1 = 12,351. Here are some multiples of 1 taken from the chart above: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rule 6: All Multiples of 5 End in 0 or 5 If you look at the multiplication chart above, you’ll notice that all multiples of 5 end in either a 0 or 5. Knowing this makes it easy to remember what numbers are multiples of 5, even if they’re super high. In short, anything that ends in a 5 or 0 is for sure a multiple of 5. Here is a small chart showing some of the multiples of 5: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Rule 7: For Multiples of 10, Just Add a 0 To find a multiple of 10, all you need to do is add a 0 to the end of the number being multiplied by 10. So if you have the problem 10 x 27, you should know right away that the answer is 270 (27 with a 0 added to the end of it). This rule also means that all multiples of 10 end in 0 (this is similar to Rule 6, which states that all multiples of 5 end in either a 5 or 0). In other words, any number you see that ends in a 0, whether it’s 640 or 4,328,120, will be a multiple of 10. Here’s a chart showing some common multiples of 10: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Zerocan be a very useful number in multiplication. Rule 8: Up to 11 x 9, All Multiples of 11 Are Repeated Digits As the multiplication table above shows, all multiples of 11 up to 11 x 9 are equal to the digit being multiplied repeated once. So if you multiply 11 by 6, for example, the answer will be 66 (you just repeat 6- the number being multiplied by 11). Note that this trick only works up to factor 9. Once you hit 10, the product will not equal two repeated digits. Here are the multiples of 11 using the factors 1-9: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 Rule 9: For 12, Multiply by 10 and 2 Then Add Together Multiples of 12 can be difficult to memorize and a little overwhelming, but there’s an easy trick you can use to quickly find any multiple of 12. All you have to do is multiply the factor (the number being multiplied by 12) by 10, multiply that same factor by 2, and then add these together. This might sound complicated, but it’s really not! Written out as an equation (in which a is any factor of 12), this trick would look like this: 12a = 10a+ 2a Let’s walk through an example. Say you want to find the product of 12 x 9. The quickest way to do this would be to first multiply 9 by 10; this gives us 90.Next, multiply 9 by 2 to get 18. Finally, add together 90 and 18. This gives us108, which is the answer to our original problem: 12 x 9. Try this trick with other factors and then double-check your answer with the multiplication chart or a calculator. What’s Next? Want to brush up on other basic math skills? Then check out our expert guides on how to find the mean of a data set and how to use the acceleration formula. Need help preparing for the SAT/ACT Math section?Learn everything you need to know about what kinds of topics are tested on SAT Math and ACT Math.

College Science Fair Projects by Topic

College Science Fair Projects by Topic It can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level.   A well-designed project at the college level can open the door to future educational and career opportunities, so it pays to put some thought and effort into your topic. A good project will answer a question and test a hypothesis. Planning and Research College students usually have a semester to complete their project, so they have some time to plan and conduct research. The goal at this level is to find an original topic. It doesnt have to be something complicated or time-consuming. Also, appearances count. Aim for professional-quality images and presentation. Handwritten work and drawings wont work as well as a printed report or poster with photographs. Possible ideas, divided by topic, include: Plants and Seeds Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth? In what ways? What is the implication regarding water pollution?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants? In what way?Is a seed affected by its size? Do different size seeds have different germination rates? Does seed size affect the growth rate or final size of a plant?How close does a plant have to be to a pesticide for the pesticide to work? What factors influence the effectiveness of a pesticide, such as rain, light or wind? How much can you dilute a pesticide while retaining its effectiveness? How effective are natural pest deterrents?What is the effect of a chemical on a plant? You can look at natural pollutants- such as motor oil or runoff from a busy street- or unusual substances, for example, orange juice or baking soda. Factors that you can measure include rate of plant growth, leaf size, life/death of the plant, the color of the plant, and ability to flower/bear fruit.How does cold storage affect the germinatio n of seeds? Factors you can control include the type of seeds, length of storage and the temperature of storage, light, and humidity. Food How does the shape of an ice cube affect how quickly it melts?Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread? Are certain preservatives better at inhibiting dangerous molds than others?Is the nutritional content of different brands of a vegetable (such as canned peas) the same? How much variation is there in any given product? Miscellaneous What forms of recycling are available to students? If college students participated in these recycling programs, what would be the effect on cost, the environment?Do consumers prefer bleached paper products or natural-color paper products? What factors affect the preference? Age? Socioeconomic status? Gender?Solve a problem. For example, can you design a better type of street intersection?

New York City The Financial Capital of the World

New York City The Financial Capital of the World unlike some of the lesser-known cities in this series, you probably don’t need to be sold on the professional and cultural advantages of   new york city. but as a reminder, here’s what’s great!culturemuseums:  they’re here, and they’re abundant: from the met to the folk art museum and weird ones like the morbid anatomy museum in brooklyn, if someone important made it, chances are we display it somewhere  in this city.theater: in addition to the fancy bright lights of broadway (hamilton is playing here and only here, just saying) and their attendant ticket prices, there are also discount tickets and off-broadway theaters offering accessible and once-in-a-lifetime shows for snobs and populists alike.music: from the grittiest underground club to dizzy’s jazz supper club at lincoln center, there are options for even the pickiest listener every night of the week.food: when people coming to the city for the first time ask me for restaurant re commendations, i just sort of laugh. there are way too many choices to offer up one option that will suit everyone. my favorite is butter midtown, alex guarneschelli’s masterpiece on 46th st, for the record. we have every cuisine you can imagine at every possible price point, from the $2 gourmet food truck special to the $$$$$ plate at [insert exclusive fancypants resto here]. periodic restaurant weeks offer prix fixe tastes to those of us with smaller wallets.job forecastaccording to the bureau of labor statistics, the top 5 industries in new york are:financial services (duh, didn’t you guys listen to hamilton yet?)health care,  especially providing assisted living services for seniorsprofessional, scientific and technical servicesretail trade and food service.  it’s a tough climate, but if you can find your audience, it can be a resilient and rewarding field.manufacturing,  particularly electronics and apparelwhile the cost of living is intense (weâ€⠄¢re always ranked in the top 5 most expensive cities in the  nation, if not higher), new york is also home to a vibrant community of freelancers and self-employed creative types, from graphic designers to copyeditors. we make our workaday homes in coffee shops and coworking co-ops, and utilize nyc’s expansive (though occasionally dysfunctional) public transit to get from place to place so we can read on the train.housing outlookas manhattan’s up-and-coming neighborhoods in this year’s roundup for aspiring buyers included jackson heights, jamaica, and ridgewood in queens; kensington, bay ridge, and sunset park in brooklyn; washington heights in manhattan; and the south bronx. new york magazine also recommends renting in ditmas park in brooklyn, sunnyside in queens, cliffside park and bloomfield in new jersey, st. george in staten island, and hudson heights in way-uptown-manhattan.nyc may not make sense for every professional or up-and-comer, but if you’ re willing to broaden the scope of your housing search and make up for the expense of, well, everything with the availability of free, cheap, and discounted cultural abundance- it may be the city you’ve been waiting for.

Influences of Online Book Preview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Influences of Online Book Preview - Essay Example Considering such situations the publishing house has been suggested to start on a new venture of online publications of their books and sell their books via the popular retailers over the web space. The publishing house can also make some portion of their books available over the Internet which may act as an effective promotional campaign for their books. However they needs to be careful with such measures as often service providers can publish books online without their permission and also can make the books available for free download. Case of Google book copyright infringement has been referred to bring out a practical example of such copyright violations. The publishing house needs to be careful in implementing such measures as any negligence can further hamper their cause. Technology has improved rapidly in the past decade. It has made its prominence in almost all the sectors. Business houses all over the world have implemented the e-business to gain maximum profitability for th eir business. Digitalization of market has made it possible for the availability of almost everything over the internet. The number of technology savvy people has increased considerably all over the globe and people prefer to take the online help to meet their purpose. In such an era, digitalization of books has covered a large part of the e-market and is providing considerable amount of threat for the conventional publisher who does not have a considerable presence over the web. Furthermore the presence of the online book preview is hampering the business of the publishers to a large extent. Popularity of Online book preview Online book preview is available in many internet sites where the users can view the book in an electronic form. The electronic books are published over the internet which facilitates the users to have a glance of the whole book or a part of the book. The e-books are readable on computers or in the latest electronic devices. The existence of e-book can be possi ble without any printed equivalence. The earlier version of the eBooks was available for specific purposes and in specialized areas and had limited number of viewers. Those form of ebooks or the online book preview options did not pose any considerable harm to the interest of the major publication houses and it was quite beneficial for the readers as well. However post 1990, internet broadened the option of the availability of the eBooks occurred in large scale. In the present market the online preview of books is available in many desired technological formats which have created more interest among the readers. Another feature of the online book preview really benefits the interest of the users which includes the free viewing. The users over the internet can virtually have a preview of their desired books for almost free, which further enhances their cause of the growing popularity of the medium. Other than the option of free viewing some internet sites also provides the option for the free download which comes as a gift for the millions of book readers. Nowadays users of internet can gain access to almost any books of their preferred subjects and choice and read them online. The online book preview provides facility also offers opportunity for the writers who cannot publish their books because of the denial from the publishers. They can make their books available to the readers through the online mode.  

Strategic management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic management - Assignment Example anagement since its emergence in the 1950s, strategic management has been appreciated in the modern organizations as a critical strategy to attaining sustainable competitive advantage. Similarly, research in the field has been abundant though a majority of these research studies focus on the Western context. In this paper, Elbanna (2013) seeks to explore strategic management in the context of Arab Middle East economy. This researcher chooses to focus on public organizations in UAE to evaluate the characteristics, development, planning and evaluation of strategic planning, including the success factors. Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the selected samples because these two host most of the federal organizations; local organizations in the emirates are required to have strategic plans; and over 66% of the UAE population live in these two emirates. The results which consistently exhibited minimal disparity between the federal and local organizations give evidence of widespread strategic managem ent practices in UAE public sector, including the planning, development, implementation and evaluation. Even with this success, the researcher observes gaps in the approach in UAE. Thus, the article concludes by giving the author’s recommendations on how to fill the gaps so that the public sector in UAE would realize the full benefits from strategic management. It would be deduced from this article that strategic management has been widely adopted among UAE public organizations despite little research on the same in the given context. This being among the few articles on the UAE context, Elbanna (2013) indicates that UAE public organizations appreciate the importance of strategic management even with the policy directive requiring public organizations to update their strategic plans. With both federal and local governments exhibiting positive attitude towards strategic management, it would be useful for this to be fostered as it would ensure effective implementation of strategic

The Book After The Fact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Book After The Fact - Essay Example Whether for a historical methods course or for an introductory survey, this book is the perfect text to introduce readers, stepwise, to the analytical approaches and detective work that historians use when they are actually doing history. The authors of the book are both are both history professors and historians who have specialized in American history and they draw their work from the history of the USA to provide illustrations of the ideas they are interested in describing. Each chapter of the book is dedicated to an individual detection technique that can be applied in depth to explore and renovate past events. The main idea behind the book is communicated in an extensive introduction that looks at the life of an 18th C diplomat called Silas Deane, whose death was nothing less than mysterious death (Davidson and Mark, 88). The book illustrates how historical investigation is equivalent to the seemingly more exciting detective work used to solve mysterious in tv, movies and real l ife. I must say that; through this work, we are able to uncover the truth of what happened in the past. The authors take people and/or events in the USA history and write chapters on the events representing techniques and methods used in writing and studying history. To some people this may seem boring- but fact is, it is not. The reality is an interesting look at events- some known other not clear- that reminds us that good narratives are required for good history and historians must use numerous diverse techniques and methods to get the information they require to completely and appropriately write the narratives. In chapter one, the authors examine the significance of the selection of evidence even if its real importance may not appear understandable at first. The authors focus on early settlement of Virginia as an example. The Virginia settlement is a vital historical subject in America especially because it is one of the earliest English settlements in the United States of Amer ica. Until today, there is still a good deal of written description about Virginia settlement that survives despite the fact that much of the written records about the settlement have been lost (Davidson and Mark, 9). The most remembered historical account is that of Captain John smith, whose swashbuckling tale gives emphasis to his own involvement and importance. Smith witnessed a Native American ritual of some form and described it in writing. As demonstrated by the authors, Smith’s account, however, was given in terms that were similar to him and would have been familiar to his readers. Unknown to him was the intended meaning of the traditional roles and ritual of the people involved. Some other prove is found in the dry accounts of financial transactions and court decisions, which include an order necessitating Virginia settlers to plant at least two acres of corn while at the same time forbidding them from burning hay to dry tobacco. If you have read this book, then you will certainly agree with me that it is possible to know truth about the past historical events. History is a very interesting that every person should fall in love with. The chapters in the book combine one incident and one aspect on the way historians go about doing what they love best-history. For example, the chapter of the Salem witch trials tells us a rather interesting story while at the some time introducing the reader painlessly to the historical perceptions of community dynamics, demographics, multiple causations, and the status of women in the 17th C New England (Davidson and

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Leadership - Essay Example Globalization though considered as advantageous for everyone, increases the concern of employees as it brings along change with itself. Change is referred to as doing this differently, in simpler terms; change is the process of doing same jobs in different ways. Change is highly disliked by employees as they fear that they will not be able to cope with change and will lose their jobs, thus employees tend to be an obstacle in the way of organization’s success if they stand against change. For example: In Information Technology industry, continuous change takes place, new software is developed to make work easier and to replace the older software. Employees fear that they might not be able to work on the new software and they resist this change as they fear they will be replaced by people who have knowledge of how to use the software. New software may be helpful in increasing productivity and decreasing loss of time, thus if firms in this industry fail to implement this change, they might continue with lower productivity and time will be wasted, thus they will not be able to compete against those firms that implement such changes. In these scenarios the leaders have to play a major role, they have to step forward and provide proper training to their followers so their followers can easily accept this change, leaders even have to articulate these changes to the employees and have to present a positive and beneficial picture of the acceptance of this change for the employees as well as the organization.

Relationship between Mind and Body Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Relationship between Mind and Body - Essay Example Similarly, the paper discusses whether one is more significant than the other is in a human life. Descartes talks about a possible existence of material outside God and the Self. Accordingly, the author holds that the existence of such objects is only possible because God creates them. Therefore, the author postulates that the materials exist because they relate to pure mathematics. It because Descartes believes that God makes what he thinks in the way it is. Similarly, nothing is impossible for God to create unless someone does not understand a thing (Descartes, Meditation VI: about the existence of Material things from the Body). Consequently, after discovering the possibility of the existence of the objects, the author then turns to the presence of mental pictures as evidence. Therefore, he distinguishes perception and imagination. Accordingly, he asserts that creativity refers to the capacity of knowledge to the body that is immediately present to it, without conception or intellection (Descartes, Meditations, 6), which prevails as a mental image. Understanding is not automatically a picture. He applies an example, that when he has a mental image of a triangle, he does not just perceive it to be a figure with three lines; he says he looks at the lines as if they were present to the mental eye. Therefore, that is what Descartes calls a mental picture. Descartes gives priority to the mind than the body. It is because the mind controls the body. In other words, the body only responds to whatever the mind perceives, conceives, and accepts as reality.  

Develop Productive Working Relationships with Colleagues Essay Example for Free

Develop Productive Working Relationships with Colleagues Essay D1. Develop productive working relationships with colleagues 4) How to identify conflicts of interest with colleagues and the measurements that can be used to manage or remove them A conflict of interest occurs when an individual or organisation is involved in multiple interests, one of which could possibly corrupt the motivation for an act in the other. An example of this between colleagues could be the staff wants to have training to gain more knowledge, but the manager wants them delivering sales therefore being on the phones so not to loose out on any business. These are two conflicts of interest, i. e. revenue the business makes vs. new learning skills the agents gain. The way to manage this is to ensure both interest of colleagues are satisfied or a compromise is allowed. For example the compromise could be that if the agents receive the learning sessions and are off the phones, that they have a shorter break to ensure the company is still getting money. This would resolve the issue and both parties would be satisfied. Assessing both sides when there are conflicts of interest is important, as it puts into perspective what affects each individual. This should be discussed possibly in a group meeting, and a solution put together to make sure everyone is happy with the final outcome. ) How to take account of diversity issues when developing working relationships with colleagues Diversity in a business means that the company has a diverse work force this can consist of a range of different cultures, men and women, people of many generations, people from ethnically and racially diverse backgrounds. A company that supports the diversity of its workforce can also improve employee satisfaction. Diversity is beneficial to both the business and the employees an d brings potential benefits such as better decision making and improved problem solving due to the different types of staff. Greater creativity and innovation, which leads to enhanced product development, and more successful marketing to different types of customers as each employee would have something different to Diverse businesses will be successful as long as there is a sufficient amount of communication within them, this is because people from different cultures perceive messages in different ways, communication is vital to the performance of the business But if there is miscommunication within a diverse workplace this will lead to a great deal of challenges, as the employees are going to be unclear on their goals/duties. When there is diversity in the business you need to make note that different people will have varied learning styles or preferred ways of management, it is good to take this into thought and find out more about the individual employee. This will ensure training and management is effective. 6) The importance of exchanging information and resources with colleagues It is vital to keep team members informed and up to date with any changes because they need to be aware of new information that may come into the business. When giving feedback it is always good to give a balance of both strengths and areas to improve on, this way it is not a negative occasions but the staff can also feel as if they are being praised for their performance at work, also known as â€Å"the positive/negative sandwich†. When giving feedback you must give the team an area to improve on, this way they can stretch themselves to achieve new targets and overachieve from the previous months. Giving the colleagues feedback allows them to realise their hard work is being noticed; also any negative points can be addressed and put back on track for improvement.

Strategic Analysis Of Siemens Company Management Essay

Strategic Analysis Of Siemens Company Management Essay This essay will start with a brief description of Siemens, an introduction of its current mission statement and an evaluation of the key strategic issues/objectives which Siemens faced and are facing. The next part, two appropriate tools of analysis, PESTEL analysis of the external environment the organization faces, and Porters 5-Forces analysis of the competitive environment in which Siemens operates; a summary of its key strategic resources and competencies, and any resources that it lacks will follow these tow analysis. At last, SWOT analysis will be applied to describe and evaluate the strategic options for Siemens. Siemens is Europes largest engineering conglomerate.Siemens international headquarters are located in Berlin, Munich and Erlangen, Germany. Siemens is a diversified group, with business in information and communications, automation and control, power, transportation, medical and lighting businesses. The groups businesses have strong leadership in electronics and electrical engineering. Siemens has experienced significant restructuring in recent years, including divestments, acquisitions and reorganization of divisions. Siemens has three main business sectors: Industry, Energy and Healthcare and it has with a total of 15 divisions (Barclay, 2000). Worldwide Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 420,800 people in nearly 190 countries and reported global revenue of 76.651 billion Euros as of 2009. Siemens AG is listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, and has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since March 12, 2001. Mission and vision Highest performance with highest ethics that is the standard demanded by Siemens present president and CEO Peter LÃ ¶scher. Its mission is to find the best way of combining and developing our know-how and expertise, so that Siemens can profitably channel them into outstanding value for customers. It has three core values- Responsible: Committed to ethical and responsible actions Excellent: Achieving high performance and excellent results; Innovative: Being innovative to create sustainable value. Siemens Strategic profile Keeping Profitable and long-term growth is the business strategy of Siemens, which is direct and simple. Specifically, according to the report of Siemens AG, there is several important components Siemens strategy, which is showed in the table below. 2.jpg Source: http://www.siemens.com In summary, there are several key management strategies as following. Making better use of sustainability as an opportunity Siemens view sustainability as an important success factor. Sustainability serves as the basis for Siemens future business success and is a key pillar of Siemens corporate strategy. Siemens is in a strong position to meet tomorrow business challenges, so sustainability is very important. By concentrating its activities in the three Sectors Industry, Energy and Healthcare, Siemens has a setup that enables it to profit from four key megatrends demographic change, urbanization, climate change and globalization. And with the Siemens Environmental Portfolio, it has an exceptionally broad spectrum of products and solutions for environmental and climate protection (Barney, 1986). Whats more, sustainability is thought by Siemens to be closely linked to its values. In all its complexity, Siemens view sustainability as a contribution to a more equitable world economy and the provision of energy-efficient, durable products and solutions for Siemens customers. In Siemens sustainability is also the expression of a responsible employee culture and a sign of uncompromising compliance with laws and regulations. Diversity as a factor of success Siemens is promoting diversity in the management ranks of the company to a greater degree than ever before. Up to nowadays, Siemens has given diversity a permanent place in the corporate level strategy. In Siemens culture, in view of the shortage of highly qualified people and demographic changes, diversity is a prerequisite for Siemens long-term success. The supply of qualified technical people and managers in the industrialized world is growing ever tighter. That makes it even more important for Siemens to acquire talented people and to create an environment that allows them to take on key functions in all units of Siemens- irrespective of factors such as nationality, age, gender, origin or religion. In the year 2008, Siemens applied the strategy of diversity into organizational structure. Siemens created the position of Chief Diversity Officer and appointed Jill Lee, previously the Chief Financial Officer of Siemens China, to the new position. Armed with a comprehensive package of measures, Jill Lee would work in the coming years to meet an ambitious target: By 2011 Siemens wants to have dramatically expanded diversity among the members of its top management. Siemens wants to become the leader in diversity. Delivering breakthrough innovations, Innovation has always been one of the most important elements in Siemens business strategy. In Siemens culture, Innovations are thought to be able to help cut costs, increase sales and achieve higher earnings, and, those who fail to launch the right new product on the market at the right time will be punished more severely than ever before. Siemens intends to become a pioneer in diversity. While this is very important, Siemens to this day remains a very German and very centralized company. Competitors such as ABB are many years ahead in this respect as can be seen in various dimensions such as board structure, regional management or repartition of headquarter functions. Siemens intends to become a pioneer in diversity. While this is very important, Siemens to this day remains a very German and very centralized company. Competitors such as ABB are many years ahead in this respect as can be seen in various dimensions such as board structure, regional management or repartition of headquarter functions. Siemens intends to become a pioneer in diversity. While this is very important, Siemens to this day remains a very German and very centralized company. Competitors such as ABB are many years ahead in this respect as can be seen in various dimensions such as board structure, regional management or repartition of headquarter functions. Strategic analysis for Siemens Firstly, Porters five forces and PESTEL will be applied to evaluate the microenvironment of Siemens and a complete SWOT analysis will follow to assess he strategic options for Siemens. Porters five forces One of the most important division and product of Siemens is electrical equipment and so Porters five forces will be applied to assess electrical equipment industry together with Siemens. Porters five forces Degree of rivalry The degree of completion in this industry is pretty high and there are many big players in this market Bargaining power of customers The space for customers to bargain is limited as the products are highly specialized and buyers are always governments or big companies. Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers who supply raw materials or parts to manufactures have little bargaining power Threat of new entrants: As the equipment is of high technology, in the early stage of this industry, the entrant barrier of this industry is high. Siemens and GE have dominated this industry for decades. Threat of substitutes However, with the popularity of new energy technologies, some small companies also entered this market with lower-cost technology and energy, so it is getting more and easier to find a substituted in some limited field in a small scale. Degree of rivalry: In this industry, Siemens competes with big players such as General Electric (GE) of Fairfield, Conn., and ABB of Switzerland. GE has a strong market position in this industry, while ABB has great advantages in power generation and transmission. The number of market players in this field is big and the degree of rivalry is high (Barney, 1995). Bargaining power of customers: In other industries, companies are liable to cut their prices as they compete for jobs. This is less likely to happen with industrial electrical equipment. These products are highly specialized and technical, making it difficult for customers to find comparable products at lower prices. And because these products have relatively few buyers, their prices are less likely to be pushed down by free-market forces. Bargaining power of suppliers: Companies that provide parts and materials to these firms have little negotiating power. The components used in these complex electrical systems have little value until theyre part of the finished product. Suppliers of the raw components are a dime a dozen and can easily be replaced. The complicated nature of this equipment would also make it difficult for suppliers to cut out the middlemen and sell directly to end customers. These suppliers usually lack the skill and sophistication to build these products. Threat of new entrants: Siemens and GE have dominated this industry for decades. To run with the big players, a new company would need a great deal of investment. The company needs to have very good credibility and connections of both established firms and governments. So the entrant barrier for this industry is high. Threat of substitutes: some new technologies from smaller companies, which focus on green energy, have posted threat to big companies that lacks a competing product. In solar equipment, for example, some smaller companies are becoming more viable as their technology becomes cheaper, while solar companies may soon have the strength to compete with traditional power source on price and performance, the threat from substitutes post pressure to supplier like Siemens. In summary, although the completion in this industry is fierce, the entrant barrier for new entrants is high, whats more, both customer and supplier have limited bargaining power. The pressure from small companies which focus on green energy keep increasing as they have advantages on price and cost. PESTEL analysis of the macro-environment The external environment for international business is always complicated and dynamic. The PESTEL analysis of the maco-environment of Siemens is based from two perspectives: one is that Siemens run its business in German and the other condition is that it runs its business internationally or in other destination countries. PESTEL analysis for Siemens Germany GLOBAL Political Germany government policy on subsidies; subsiding policies for German firms Different countries has different policies; the relationship between the government of destination country and German; degree of local governments intervention in the economy; the quality of service that local government provide to foreign firms; subsiding policies for domestic firms; tariff barrier of non-tariff barrier from destination country; the education of the workforce, the health of the nation and Economic The economy in Germany; the growth rate of German economy; interest rate; inflation rate; domestic competitors. Global financial crisis; Overseas economic growth; the structure of local economy; the quality of the infrastructure of the economy such as the transportation and electrical system; level of national income; interest rate; exchange rate; inflation rate; Market demand and segments for Siemens products; local and international competitors. Social Structure and size of population; Structure and size of population; Availability of local human resources; Migration flows; culture differences; brand image of Siemens in destination country Technological New technologies related with Siemens business in German; any technology that could reduce cost, improve quality or service and help marketing such as on-line technology. International technological breakthroughs; New technologies related with Siemens business in German; advantages and disadvantages of Siemens technologies when compared with international competitors; any technology that could reduce cost, improve quality or service and help marketing such as on-line technology. Environmental Weather and climate in German; hardware such as land available for Siemens business Global climate change; weather and climate in destination country; natural environment ; Legal Environment regulation; related laws in German. Related international and local laws and regulations. Political Political factors always have great impact over the maco-environment in which the business runs, so muti-national companies need to do research on political environment before their international marketing planning. Siemens is doing well in evaluating political risk before it enters a new market. It is lucky for it that Germen government has steady relationship with lots of countries. Siemens often need to evaluate the historical relationship between countries that would benefit or do harm to its business. The influence of communities or unions for trading is also in its consideration. For example, trade barrier is also implemented in different firms of local laws. If necessary, a report regarding the political risks needs to be completed before its international marketing (Bell, 2001). Economic The economic situation in destination countries, the impact of currency fluctuations on exchange rates, the development of local market, the local market structure (Barney, 1996), the local human resources and the predisposition of local consumers are all very important issues for Siemens to consider (Bierly,1996). The global economy just experienced the financial crisis; Siemens business in most countries also experienced a downturn. Another problem is that, together with the financial crisis is the tightened credit system for Siemens, which brought a lot of trouble to its business. The highlight is that some new markets such as the China market are still growing fast and these new markets provide good opportunities for Siemens revenue generation. From economic perspective, Siemens has got steady financial performance in the recent years. Social The cultural difference is often a tough problem that all the muti-national companies have met with (Choi, 2000) . Culture, religion and society are of great importance to us. Will and how the local cultural differences affect Siemens business should also be evaluated. One of Siemens strategies is Diversity as a factor of success. Siemens is promoting diversity in the management ranks of the company to a greater degree than ever before. In the year 2008, Siemens applied the strategy of diversity into organizational structure. Siemens created the position of Chief Diversity Officer. Besides, the brand image of Siemens is very good and also means high quality by many purchasers (Davenport, et, 2000), which is one of Siemens advantages from the social perspective. Technological Siemens still have great technological advantages in its professional fields and it is still holding an advanced position in the international competition. However, in some countries where governments are not willing to afford high cost of new equipments, some smaller companies gained advantages over Siemens. For example, smaller companies like First Solar (FSLR) are more viable than Siemens as their technology becomes cheaper. Environmental With increasing attention from all countries in the world on global warming and with greater environmental awareness, environment is becoming a significant issue for muti-national firms to consider (Michael, 2003). The growing desire to protect the environment is having a great impact the industry. More environmentally friendly products and processes are in urgent demand. All of these external factors can bring good business opportunities for Siemens. Legal The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive of the European Union (EU) makes producers of electrical and electronic goods financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products. The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2006, which implement most aspects of the WEEE Directive, came into force in 2007 in most Europe countries. Several product divisions of Siemens are subject to the WEEE regulation (Hofee, 2003). SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Big company scale and market share; Strong brand image; It has a lot of divisions; Steady financial performance. Strong RD capabilities Good at diversity Less innovative in the low-cost new technology Low in credit rating Weak in internal control Depend upon third party service providers for majority of its operational activities Opportunities Threats Increasing demand for environment friendly products Bankrupt of some local companies in other countries Joint venture with other big playes New regulation; Completion from new and smaller competitors; Unclear trend of global economy Strengths Siemens is a German engineering conglomerate with considerable scale and market share; Siemens is a diversified group, with business in information and communications, automation and control, power, transportation, medical and lighting businesses. It have strong brand image. The brand of Siemens has good global market penetration. The brand is always connected with products of high quality in a lot of markets. It has steady financial performance in recent years (Dess, 2008). Over the years, Siemens has delivered steady financial results. Siemens net profits have a similar trend in recent years. Steady financial performance enables Siemens to manage its operations well and also improve the financial flexibility in the next a few years. Siemens is famous for its Strong RD capabilities, which is also an important factor for its business success. Its research and development (RD) investment keeps increasing in recent years; the average number of employees engaged in RD also keeps increasing (Grant, 2008). The groups focus in RD facilitates development of new products and enhancements to existing products help in maintaining its strong market position and serving a new segment of customers. The global economy needs diversity. Siemens has given diversity a permanent place in the corporate level strategy. In Siemens culture, in view of the shortage of highly qualified people and demographic changes, diversity is a prerequisite for Siemens long-term success. Weakness Siemens is less innovative in the low-cost new technology. For example, smaller companies like First Solar (FSLR) are more viable than Siemens as their technology becomes cheaper, so Siemens now face the pressure from smaller companies. Siemens is low in credit rating. Siemenss credit ratings were downgraded by some major global rating agencies in the recent years, which is partly due to its capital structure (Hungenberg, 2008). In November 2007, Moodys Investors Service downgraded Siemens long-term corporate credit rating from Aa3 to A1.Its finance is not good at generating cash flow, therefore, Siemens ability to obtain new funding and investment from external investors may be negatively affected by its low credit rating. Its internal controlling mode is not as effective as expected. Some reviewers said Siemens disclosure controls and procedures have been not effective due to material weakness in its internal control. In the area of anti-corruption and financial report, Siemens got a lot of trouble due to its weakness in internal control. Siemens relied on third party service organizations for most of its operational activities. It buys third party services for manufacturing, assembling and testing its products, while these third parties always have kinds of tie ups with multiple companies. Any problems from these third parties could adversely affect the groups operations. Heavy dependence on third party reduces the groups control over its operation and business costs. The consistence of the products could not be guaranteed, either. Opportunities During the financial crisis, a lot of small companies went bankrupt, some companies are of great value to enhance Siemens competency. It is a good time to buy these companies with low cost. Ally with a strong player is a good way to share the resource and enhance the competency of both companies. For example, joint venture is a good way. Nokia and Siemens established a 50-50 joint venture in 2007. The joint venture is called Nokia Siemens Networks, which combined Nokias networks business and Siemens carrier related operations for fixed and mobile networks. This joint venture is expected to provide significant long term returns to both groups. As all the countries are caring more about the environment, There is a increasing demand for environment friendly products, which is related to several products line of Siemens. Threats The new regulation of producers of electrical and electronic goods financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products post sizeable costs and liabilities to Siemens. Small companies are gaining market share by their products with lower price, which make the competition more intense. The global economy has not fully recovered from the financial crisis, so the market has not fully recovered, either. Besides, the credit is still tight, and it is very difficult for Siemens to get new funding from external capital market.